Unit 1 - Characteristics of Life

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

The chemical processes that break down or build up materials.

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

The maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.

Question 3

Adaptation

Answer 3

An inherited trait that gives an advantage to an individual organisms and is passed on to future generations.

Question 4

Independent Variable

Answer 4

A condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.

Question 5

Dependent Variable

Answer 5

The experimental data.

Question 6

Quantitative Data

Answer 6

Numeric measurements.

Question 7

Qualitative Data

Answer 7

Descriptions in words of what is being observed.

Question 8

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 8

No nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 9

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 9

Have nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 10

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 10

aids in the production of proteins and lipids.

Question 11

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 11

The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and transports proteins.

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Bean shaped and have two membranes. The inner membrane has many folds that greatly increase its surface area.

Question 13

Chloroplast

Answer 13

Chloroplasts are organelles that help a plant convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Question 14

Ionic Bond

Answer 14

An ionic bond forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions.

Question 15

Covalent Bond

Answer 15

A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 16

Monomer

Answer 16

Small molecules are subunits of an entire molecule, like links in a chain. Each subunit in the complete molecule is called a monomer.

Question 17

Polymer

Answer 17

A polymer is a large molecule, or macromolecule, made of many monomers bonded together.

Question 18

Carbohydrate

Answer 18

Carbohydrates are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.

Question 19

Lipid

Answer 19

Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol.

Question 20

Protein

Answer 20

Proteins are the most varied of the carbon-based molecules in organisms.

Question 21

Nucleic Acid

Answer 21

Polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides.

Question 22

Catalyst

Answer 22

A catalyst is a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and, as a result, also increases the rate of the chemical reaction.

Question 23

Enzyme

Answer 23

Enzymes are catalysts for chemical reactions in living things.

Question 24

Levels of Organization

Answer 24

How complex organisms are organized, from least to most complex. Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism