Unit 1 : Cells

Question 1

Ribosomes

Answer 1

Manufacture proteins using an mRNA template.

Question 2

Vacuoles and vesicles

Answer 2

Membrane- bound sacs used to store and transport materials in the cell. Vesicles are typically small, and contain cell products. Vacuoles are typically larger, and often contain storage molecules, such as fats

Question 3

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

Flat membrane sacs manufacture proteins and glycoproteins (rough ER), manufacture lipids and detoxify the cell (smooth ER)

Question 4

Cytoskeleton

Answer 4

Provide the cell with structure and the ability to change its shape

Question 5

Golgi apparatus

Answer 5

Receives vesicles from the ER, the Golgi modifies the contents of the vesicles then sorts, tags and packages the vesicles for export

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

The site of cellular respiration

Question 7

Peroxizomes

Answer 7

Produce bile salts to break down fats and oxidize dangerous molecules to produce hydrogen peroxide, which is more easily broken down by cell enzymes

Question 8

Cytosol

Answer 8

Fluid that bathes the organelles and other structures in the cell also contains dissolved gases, molecules and ions

Question 9

Plasma membrane

Answer 9

Controls the entry and exit of cell materials

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

Contains the genetic material in the form of chromatin. Site of mRNA synthesis, DNA replication and ribosome assembly