Unit 1: Attachment IN PROGRESS Flashcards
What is stranger protest?
When someone shows upset or distress when separated from attachment figure
Key concepts what is attachment?
An enduring bond formed with a significant other
What is stranger anxiety?
When someone shows anxiety and distress in the presence of and unfamiliar person
What is the strange situation
Observations involving mothers and children
The children were observed of how they reacted when mother left and strange came in
What is secure attachment?
When a child and a caregiver have a relationship based on trust and security. The child wishes to interact with the caregiver
Insecure aviodant attachment
When a hold and a caregiver have a relationship where the child is independent of the caregiver
Insecure ambliviant attachment
When a child and caregiver have a relationship where the child is clingy and demanding , yet awkward with the caregiver at the same time.
What is monotropy?
An attachment to one person
What is the critical period?
The first 3 yrs of a child’s life when attachments need to take place or there will be long term consequences
What is privation
When a child forms no attachements
What deprivation?
When a child has formed attachments to a caregiver but it has been broken
Core theory bowlby criticisms
Monotropy untrue
Critical period is too extreme
Deprivation can actually be reversed
Alternative theory what does it say about attachment?
That is it instructive but relies on learning and experience
NURTURE
How do infants attach in the alternative theory
Through reinforcement and consequences
And attention
The alternative theory says
Securely attached children have what caregivers….
Sensitive cooperative and accepting ones
The alternative theory says insecure avoidant children have what caregivers…..
Uninterested self centered and strict ones
The alternative theory says insecure ambliviant children have what caregivers…..
Misunderstanding and can’t be relied on for emotional supports
Core study hazel and shaver aim and how was it carried out
To see if attachments types as a child affect adult relationships it was down with a questionnaire
What was hazen and shavers procedure.
A questionnaire called the love quiz that asked questions about attachment type . Attitude to their relationship
Who many results did hazen and shaver get
1200 replies by only used 620
Hazen and shavers results of secure infant attachments
Happy friendly relationships .accepting and supporting
They were unlikey to get divorced
10yr+ relationship
Hazen and shavers results on avoidant infancy attachments
Afraid of intimacy and had highs and lows in relationships ,
Prone to jealousy
Likely so say they were fine by themselves
6yr relationship
Hazen and shavers results for ambiliant infant attachments
Prone to obsession
Extreme sexual attraction and jealousy
Most likely to get a divorce
5yr relationship
Haze and shaver limitations and criticisms
Unrepresentative sample
Relied on honest accurate answers
Closed questions with no depth
Application
Child care
Parents now allowed to stay with children when in hospital
define attachement
an enduring bond formed with a significant other
what is a persons first attachemnt to?
the primary caregiver then siblings
how long does it take for new borns to show attachments?
they do not show signs till ablout 6months. they like to be around others but are not fussy as to who.
after this they start to show strong attachments to caregivers
define spearation protest
when an individual shows upset and distress when separated form an attachment figgure.
define starnger anxiety
when an individual shows anxiety and distress in the presence of an unfamilar person/stranger
what are the two main measures of attachent?
separation protest and stanger anxiety
what did anisworth do?
developed a procedure to show infants attachemnt formations
what was aniswoths procudure called?
the stange situation
what participats did the stange situation use?
mothers and children 12-18 months
whatdid anisworth observe?
the child when the mother left and left the child alone and when a stranger came in a cn tried to comfot them.
what did anisworth say the 3 types of attachment were?
secure
insecure avoidant
insecure ambivalent
define secure attachment
when a child and caregiver have a relationship based to trust and security. the child wishes to interact with caregiver.
what happend to the secure attachment children when the mother left and came back
they would become distressed and easily comforted when they came back.
if a child was securely attached what happened when the stranger comforted them?
the child was easily comforted by them.
what percentage of chidren were securely attached?
70%
define insecure avoidant attachment
when a child and caregiver have a relationship when the child is indepependat of the caregiver. they tend to avoid the caregiver
what happend to the insecure avoidant attachment children when the mother left and came back ?
they did not pay attention to the caregiver when playing and not distress when they left. they ignored the mother when they came back too.
if a child was insecurely avoidant attached what happened when the stranger comforted them?
easily comforted but the stanger
what percentage of chidren were insecurely avoidantly attached?
15 %
define insecure ambivalent attachment
when a child and caregiver have a relationship in which the child can be clingy and demanding yet awkward witht he caregiver at the same time. little trust or security
what happened to the insecure ambivalent attached children when the mother left and came back?
they did not stray form the mother when playing but wold also resist them. become extremely distress whe the mother left. they were desperate for attention when the caregiver came back put pushed them away once they got it
if a child was insecurely ambivalently attached what happened when the stranger tried to comfort them?
it was very difficult for the stanger to comfort them.
what percentage of infants are insecurely ambivalently attached?
15 %
why do attachment types differ from counry to country?
they depnd on the way the child is cared for and differnt cultures have differtn ideas on childraising
in germany what sit he most common type of attachment?
insecure avoidant as in gemany they encourage independece.
in japan what is the most common attachment type?
insecure ambivalent as they tend to develop more intense relationships with children
what is the core theory?
bowbys
what did bowlby say about infants attachements?
they formed it instintively with one key figgure and that si nealy always the mother. this is the same with other animals that are not humans
what is montropy?
an ttachemnt to one primary cargiver, this is usally the motherbut it culd be the person who cares for the cild the most.
whats the critical period?
bolwby belived the attachment between the infant and primary caregiver had to happen in the first three years of their life.
what did bolwby say would happen if the child did not forma monotropy attachment in the critical period?
negative psycholgical harm
what happens if a child does not form at attchement at all?
if for example a child is in foster homes from early childhood they may not form a lasting bond with anyone. this i privation
define privation
when a child forms no attachment to a caregiver, the effects can be extreme and irreversible
define deprivation
whena child forms an attachment with a primary caregiver but has it broken
