Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Lab Fundamentals Test 1 > UNIT 1 - Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

UNIT 1 - Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Smallest particles to biggest organism

A 
Chemical Level
Cellular Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level
Organ System Level
Organism Level
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 Types of Tissues

A

Muscle Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Nervous Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Glandular Epithelial Tissue

Primary Job + 2 Types

A

Primary job is Secretion
Exocrine Gland - secrete either directly or through ducts ( ex. sweat, salivary gland)
Endocrine Gland - ductless and secrete directly into blood stream (ex. hormones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mucous Membranes

A

epithelial tissue that line the passages and cavities that have exposure to the external environment and internal organs
* specialized epithelial cells and produce “MUCUS”, a clear, sticky fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

A

`1. Skeletal muscles (Voluntary) allow our bodies to move

  1. Cardiac muscle (heart) (Involuntary)
  2. Smooth or visceral muscle (Involuntary) - the muscles that moves food along the intestinal tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Epithelial Tissue

2 Main Kinds

A

consists of skin. glands, and membranes that line cavities

Glandular Epithelial Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 Types of Connective Tissue

A
  1. Soft Connective Tissue
    - Tendons (muscle to bone)
    - Ligaments (bone to bone)
  2. Hard Connective Tissue
    - Cartilage (dense, translucent, bluish-white elastic tissue) ex. ear and nose)
    - Bone (dense connective tissue consisting of bone cells embedded in a matrix of calcified intercellular substance)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nerve Tissue (3)

A

Nerve tissue conducts nerve impulses

  • brain
  • the spinal cord that sends and receives nerve impulses throughout the body
  • Neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Organic Compounds (3)

A
  1. Carbohydrates (sugars and starches)
  2. Lipids (fats - cholesterol and triglycerides)
  3. Proteins (amino acids and enzymes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 essential processes of water

A

Absorption, Exchange, Secretion, Excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lytes

A

Na+ and K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Electrolyte

A

is a chemical substance that when dissolved in water dissociates into electrically charged particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Na+

A

transmission of nerve impulses and extracellular fluid balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ka+

A

transmission of nerve impulses and intraceullular fluid balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cl-

A

water balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HCO3-

A

Bicarbonate, Total CO2

Acid-base balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

Acid-base balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pH

A

hydrogen ion concentration

19
Q

Ca

A

Calcium - bones, teeth, blood clotting, muscle contraction

20
Q

Fe

A

Iron, blood hemoglobin

21
Q

P / PO4

A

Phosphorous, Phosphate

involved in bone formation and reabsorption

22
Q

Zn

A

Zinc - catalyst for enzyme reactions, contributes to immune function and brain function

23
Q

NH3 and NH4

A

Ammonia, ammonium

byproduct of protein breakdown

24
Q

Acid

A

chemical substance that is able to donate hydrogen ions to another substance

25
Q

Base

A

chemical substance that can accept hydrogen ions

26
Q

Acidosis

A

body pH that is very acidic

27
Q

Alkalosis

A

body pH that is very basic

28
Q

Blood pH

29
Q

Buffers

A

chemicals found in the body that help prevent large changes in the blood pH

30
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

31
Q

Osmosis

A

the movement of molecules of a solvent (such as water) through a semi-permeable memberane, which will lower the concentration of a solute on one side of the membrane until the concentration on both sides is even

32
Q

Extracellular Fluid

A

Outside the cell

33
Q

Intracellular Fluid

A

Inside the cell

34
Q

Isotonic

A

the net flow of water across the semi-permerable membrane is equal

35
Q

Hypertonic

A

Shrivel up

More concentrated than the intracellular fluid causing the water to flow out of the cell

36
Q

Hypotonic

A

Cell Bursts

Less concentrated than the intracellular fluid causing the water to rush into the cell

37
Q

Homeostasis

A

Resistance to change

38
Q

Types of Lipids (4)

A
  1. Triglycerides (trig, Tg)
  2. Cholesterol (chol)
  3. Phospholipids
  4. Lipoproteins
    - LDL (low density lipoproteins)
    - VLDL (very low density lipoproteins)
    - HDL (high density lipoproteins)
39
Q

biopsy

A

bx

a small core of tissue is removed from the body and is examined at the cellular level in histology

40
Q

Tp

A

Total protein

41
Q

Alb

42
Q

RBS

A

Random blood sugar

43
Q

FBS

A

Fasting blood sugar

44
Q

GTT

A

Glucose Tolerance Test

Lab Fundamentals Test 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions