Chapter 4 Blood and Hemostasis

Question 1

What is blood?

Answer 1

it is a thick fluid made up of cells suspended in a fluid

carried through a closed system of vessels making up the cardiovascular system

Question 2

Plasma

Answer 2

Liquid portion of the blood that contains clotting factors

Question 3

Serum

Answer 3

Liquid portion of the blood,m after clotting has occurred and contains NO clotting factors

Question 4

Anticoagulants

Answer 4

Prevent coagulation or formation of a clot

Question 5

RBC

Answer 5

Red blood Cell
Erythrocyte
biconcave, disk and have a lifespan of 120 days
no nucelus

Question 6

Hemoglobin (Hg)

Answer 6

the molecule inside the RBC that carries oxygen

- more oxygen there is a RBC the brighter the red colour

Question 7

Anemia

Answer 7

decrease in the number and or function of RBC

Question 8

WBC

Answer 8

luekocytes + colourless
5 different types
“Wright’s stain to differentiate”
6-8 hours in blood stream

Question 9

5 types of WBC

Answer 9

Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes

Question 10

White blood cell count

Answer 10

the test to count the total number of white blood cells present in a given volume

Question 11

Diff

Answer 11

Differential

is the test to count how many of the different types of WBC are present in a given volume of blood

Question 12

Leukocytosis

Answer 12

an elevation in leukocytes numbers

Question 13

Platelets (Plt)

Answer 13

thrombcytes
fragments of bigger cells called megakaryocytes where are found in the blood marrow

lives for 9 days and are constantly being replaced

form a plug when blood vessels are injured

Question 14

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Answer 14

caused by a lack of iron

Question 15

Hemolytic Anemia

Answer 15

RBCs are quickly being destroyed in the blood vessels

Question 16

Aplastic Anemia

Answer 16

all types of blood cells (WBC, RBC and platelets) are decreased; often by drugs

Question 17

Pernicious anemia

Answer 17

decresad production of RBCs due to a deficiency of vitamin B12

Question 18

Thalassemia

Answer 18

Abnormal hemoglobin molecules, result in RBCs that cannot carry as much as oxygen (inherbited disorder)

Question 19

Iatrogenic Anemia

Answer 19

x.x.x.x

Question 20

Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 20

one type of thalassemia where the abonormalhemoglobin causes the RBCs to change from a round biconcave shape to a “sickle”

Question 21

Leukemia

Answer 21

abnormal increase in production of usually one type of WBC

Question 22

Polycythemia

Answer 22

myeloproliferative disease characterized by an overproduction of RBC by the bone marrow with excess WBC and platelets

Question 23

Bacteremia

Answer 23

presence of bacteria in the blood which can originate from the respiratory system, urinary tract, abdomen and central venous catheters

Question 24

Septicemia

Answer 24

results from the presence and persistence of pathogenic bacteria and/or their toxins in the blood

Question 25

Sepsis

Answer 25

Results from the body responding to severe infection, such as bacteremia

Question 26

ITP

Answer 26

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ?????????

Question 27

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 27

a disorder in which the number of platelests is greatly reduced which results in chronic bleeding through small vessels and capillaries

Question 28

4 Stages of Hemostasis

Answer 28

1. Constriction (or contraction) of the blood vessel
2. Formation of a platelet plug
3. Formation of a blood clot
4. Fibrinolysis (dissolution of the clot)

Question 29

Hemophilia

Answer 29

a disorder in which the clotting capability of the blood is abnormal or absent

Question 30

Endocarditis

Answer 30

Heart infrmation