Unit 1 81-90

Question 1

Negative correlation

Answer 1

A relationship between two variables in which the value of one variable increases as the value of the other decreases

Question 2

Directionality problem

Answer 2

In correlational research, the situation in which it is known that 2 variables are related although it is not known which is the cause and which is the effect

Question 3

Third-variable problem

Answer 3

The fact that an observed correlation between 2 variables may be due to the common correlation between each of the variables and a third variable rather than any underlying relationship (in a casual sense) of the two variable with each other

Question 4

Institutional review board

Answer 4

A committee named by an agency or institution to review research proposals originating within that agency for ethical acceptability and compliance with the organization’s codes of conduct

Question 5

Institutional animal care and use committee

Answer 5

A committee responsible for overseeing an institute’s program and research protocols involving nonhuman animals

Question 6

Informed assent

Answer 6

A process that allows minors to agree to participate in clinical trials or research studies

Question 7

Confederate

Answer 7

In an experimental situation, an aide of the experimenter who poses as a participant but whose behavior is rehearsed prior to the experiment

Question 8

Cross-sectional study

Answer 8

Research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time

Question 9

Longitudinal study

Answer 9

Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period

Question 10

Cross-sequential design

Answer 10

A study in which two or more groups of individuals of different ages are directly compared over a period of time