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Psychology unit 1 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Calms the body, coserves energy and returns internal systems and organs to a balanced level of activity

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2
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

The division of the PNS that controls the skeletal muscles responsible for voluntary movement

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3
Q

What is psychology

A

The study of thoughts feelings and behaviours

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4
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Energises the body during times of stress or need for increasing physical activity.
Triggers flight/fight response

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5
Q

Central nervous system

A

The section of nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

Brain

A

Receives and interpreters sensory information and decided on motor responses to this information

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7
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

The division of PNS that controls the involuntary activity of internal organs, muscles and glands

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8
Q

Spinal cord

A

Connects the brain to the rest of the body

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9
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

The section of the nervous system that consists of all the nerve outside the CNS.
Transmits sensory information to the spinal cord and motor messages from the spinal cord to appropriate body parts

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10
Q

Define trephination

A

A small saw that used to be used by putting a hole in the skull to release pressure from migraines

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11
Q

Define phrenology

A

Small bumbs in on the head

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12
Q

Independent variable

A

A variable that is manipulated in some way to cause a change in what is being measured

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13
Q

Dependent variable

A

A variable that does not change and can be measured

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14
Q

What is the Iv and dv in this example

Drinking energy drinks increases your sports performance

A

Iv-weather energy drinks were consumed

Dv- measure of sports performance

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15
Q

Random sample

A

Every participant has an equal opportunity to be chosen

Eg blue smartie being pulled out of a box with 3 blue 3 red and 3 pink

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16
Q

Strategies random sample

A

Grouping people into classifications eg gender, age

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17
Q

What are the 6 ethical rights

A 
Confidentiality 
Voluntary participation
Withdrawal rights
Informed consent
Deception
Debriefing
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18
Q

What is beneficence

A

The good of the research outweighs any harm that happens during the experiment

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19
Q

3 of the 6 main approaches to psychology and what they do

A

BEHAVIOURISM-focus on observable behaviours that could be scientifically measured.
PSYCHOANALYSIS-the unconscious and early childhood determine behaviour.
SOCIOCULTURAL-understanding individual behaviour in a social context, how human behaviour is influenced by other people eg zimbado experiment

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20
Q

Define trephination

A

An accent surgical procedure that involves creating a hole in the patients head to get rid of migraines

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21
Q

Define phrenology

A

The bumbs and shape of your skull reflects a persons personality and intelligence

22
Q

What are the four lobes of the forebrain and what r their roles

A

Frontal-personality, logical thinking(primary motor cortex)
Parietal- senses and touch(primary somatosensory cortex)
Temporal- hearing(primary auditory cortex)
Occipital- seeing (primary visual cortex)

23
Q

Label a diagram of the brain (the lobes)

A

Photos

24
Q

Liable the brain

A

Photos

25
Q

What is a neuron

A

A specialised cell that receives information and transits it to other cells

26
Q

Label a neuron

A

Photos

27
Q

What is a neurotransmitter

A

A chemical messenger that carries signals between neurones. They help carry the message across the synapse.

28
Q

What carries the message along the axon of a neuron

A

The electrical impulse

29
Q

Hindbrain

A

Link between spinal cord and Brian
Important for balance and movement
Consists of brain stem, medulla, pin and cerebellum

30
Q

Midbrain

A

Regulates sleep, motor movement and arousal alertness levels and sleep wake cycle

31
Q

What can the autonomic nervous system be split into

A

Parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system

32
Q

What can the somatic nervous system be split into

A

Motor and sensory

33
Q

What is the somatic nervous system

A

Responsible for voluntary moment of muscles eg moving an arm

34
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for

A

Bodily functions that are necessary for survival eg digestion and heartbeat
Involuntary

35
Q

What is the flight fright freeze response

A

A physiological response to stress that causes an organism to react in a combative manner (fight) , by removing themselves for the situation (flight), or by not reacting at all (freeze)

36
Q

What is a homunculus

A

a microscopic but fully formed human being from which a fetus was formerly believed to develop.

37
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Outer layer of the brain

38
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Connects the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex

39
Q

Hippocampus

A

Long term memory

40
Q

Amygdala

A

Aggression and fear

41
Q

Pons

A

Controls movement, breathing, sleeping and dreams

42
Q

Cerebellum

A

Balance and fine muscle control

43
Q

Medulla

A

Heartbeat, breathing

44
Q

What are the three steps of the scientific method

A

Participants/population
Procedure
Materials used

45
Q

What is the confounding variable

A

An uncontrolled factor that varies in some way as the IV. You can’t determine wether change in the DV is due to the IV. No conclusions can be drawn.

46
Q

What is the extraneous variable

A

A variable other than the independent variable that could cause changes in the value of the dependent variable
Eg Iv extra revision
Dv performance on test
Extraneous variable-teacher

47
Q

Difference between control group and experimental group

A

Control group is not exposed to IV where experimental group is exposed to IV

48
Q

What is hemispheric specialisation and list examples

A

One hemisphere is particularly suit to a certain task.
Left side- right hand, music, art, dance
Right side-left hand, logic, maths, writing

49
Q

What is repeated measured design

A

This uses the same participants for both sides of the experiment

50
Q

Matched participants design

A

Testing the participants before hand to check that the groups of people are even

51
Q

Independent group design

A

Participants are allocated to groups at random

52
Q

What is Radom and stratified sampling

A

Random sampling- every member has an equal chance of being selected.
Stratified sampling-grouping people into classifications eg age, gender

Psychology unit 1 (7 decks)

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