Chapter 10

Question 1

Privation

Answer 1

When attachment never occurs, that is if an infant/child never forms a close relationship with anyone.

Question 2

Assimilation and example

Answer 2

According to Piaget, the process where new experiences are combined with existing schemes.
Eg when an infant experiences a new toy for the first time, they want to put it in their mouth and suck on it.

Question 3

Accomodation

Answer 3

Piagets term for when new situations, objects or information are encouraged and the persons schemes is either modified or a new schema is created

Question 4

Schema

Answer 4

A representation of a theme or theory

Question 5

Emotional development

Answer 5

Study of emotions including when people learn emotion and how to deal with it.

Question 6

What are piagets 4 stages of cognitive development and the ages they happen

Answer 6

Sensorimator stage birth to 2 years old
Preoperational stage 2-7 years old
Concrete operational 7-12 years old
Formal operational 12 years plus

Question 7

What happens in sensorimotor stage

Answer 7

Infant knows the world through their senses and begin to learn object permanence(understanding an object still exists when it is no longer seen)

Question 8

What happens in pre operational stage

Answer 8

Continue to develop, has conservation

Question 9

Concrete operational

Answer 9

Can preform mental problems and cognitive development is achieved

Question 10

Formal operational stage

Answer 10

Can mentally manipulate ideas, think hypothetically about abstract ideas

Question 11

Harry Harlow theory of attachment

Answer 11

1950, tested that monkey raised with a cloth serogate mother will act more attached compared to a monkey raised by a mother.
Showed attachment formation requires contact comfort

Question 12

What is the Iv and dv in harlows experiment

Answer 12

Iv- cloth or wire monkey

Dv- amount of hours spent on each

Question 13

Marry Ainsworth experiment

Answer 13

1950s, looked at the quality of attachment between infants and care givers, used the strange situation technique and concluded 3 types of attachments

Question 14

What are the 3 types of attachments Mary Ainsworth concluded

Answer 14

Insecure avoidant attachment-shows no distress when caregiver leaves the room
Secure attachment-happily plays when care giver is presents, os very attached to the caregiver, but becomes distressed when the caregiver leaves.
Insecure resistant attachment- becomes extremely distressed when the caregiver leaves and will continued to be distressed, cry and will not play.

Question 15

What is the strange situation situation

Answer 15

Involved infants experiencing a series of events that includes separation and reunions with Thierry mothers and introductions to an adult stranger

Question 16

What is psychosocial development

Answer 16

Development occurs over the whole lifespan, from infancy to old age and is on going
It’s the development of our personality

Question 17

What was Eric’s eriksons theory

Answer 17

Believed we go through 8 stages of development which involve conflicts, if these conflicts are not resolved, we have problems later on in life.
Need to go through each stage
Example is when adolescences are finding themselves

Question 18

John bowlby theory

Answer 18

1969, believed that the development of attachment is genetically inherited

Question 19

Object permanence

Answer 19

Showing a toy to a child then hiding it and asking them if it still exists.

Question 20

Two reasons for criticising piagets work

Answer 20

1. Worked on his own children

2. Different cultures and environments affect the rates people develop

Question 21

What do extreme cases, such as genie, suggest about sensitive periods In learning ones first language

Answer 21

Genie missed the sensitive period for learning language, she was able to learn a bit later in life after hard work, but never fully recovered and still was unable to understand it completely