Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking down of large molecule into smaller ones with addition of water

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1
Q

DNA function

A

Form the inherited genetic material inside each human cell

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2
Q

Distal

A

Away from origin of body part

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3
Q

Ventral

A

Towards the front or belly

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4
Q

Dorsal

A

Towards the back

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5
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline of the body

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6
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin of the body part

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7
Q

Differentiation

A

In specialized cells becoming more specialized

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8
Q

Chemical level

A
Atoms to molecules
Molecules to cells
Cells to tissues
Tissues to organs
Organs to organ systems 
Organ systems to organism
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9
Q

Epithelial + synovial

Membranes

A

Covering and lining

Where bones come together

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10
Q

Biopsy

A

Remove piece of tissue for examination

For diagnosis

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11
Q

Active transport

Passive transport

A

Active require energy

“Against concentration gradient”

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12
Q

Role of ATP

Anabolic and catabolic reactions

A

Energy currency

A- forms from ADP and phosphate group

C- produces ADP

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13
Q

Inorganic and organic compounds

A

Inorganic usually lack carbon

Organic always contain carbon

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14
Q

Mitotic phases

A
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase 
Anaphase
Telophase
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15
Q

3 primary membranes of body

A

Cutaneous - skin
Mucous - line body cavity, open to outside
Serous - line body cavity, does not open to outside

16
Q

Mediastinum

A

Central partition

17
Q

Negative feedback loop

A

The response of the body opposes original stimuli

(Majority)

Shivering

18
Q

Positive feedback loop

A

The response of the body enhances original stimulus

Labor, blood clotting

19
Q

Functions of membrane proteins

A
Ion channels
Carriers
Receptors
Cell identity markers
Linkers
20
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes

Detoxify harmful substances
Break down free radicals
Replicate by pinching in half

21
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Stack of flatten sacs

Sort, package, modify proteins from RER

Produces secretory vesicles, lysosomes, cell membrane components

22
Q

Mitosis

A

Distribution of two sets of chromosomes into two separate nuclei

Repair, growth

23
Q

Atom

A

Smallest unit of matter that retain the properties and characteristics of the element

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

24
5 main types of cell junctions
* Tight junction - stitch cells together * Adherins - belt (around entire cell) * Desmosomes - spot weld * Hemidesmosomes - attach epithelial cells to basement membrane * Gap - connexins, form pores between cells
25
Polymer
Large molecule formed by covalent bonding of many identical or similar building-block molecules called monomers
26
11 organ systems of body
``` Integumentary Cardiovascular Respiratory Reproductive Skeletal Nervous Urinary Digestive Endocrine Muscular Lymphatic ```
27
4 tissues in body
Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous
28
Describe enzyme and characteristics
Speed up rate of chemical reactions Substrate in body combines to active site of enzyme
29
# Define cell Main parts
Living structural and functional units enclosed by a membrane - plasma membrane - cytoplasm - nucleus