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Science > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

and energy and chlorophyll

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2
Q

where do plants get water

A

From the soil

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3
Q

where do plants get carbon dioxide

A

From the air

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4
Q

where do plants get energy

A

From the sunlight

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5
Q

The energy in sunlight is captured by a

A

Green pigment called chlorophyll, which is inside some of the cells in the leaves of plants

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6
Q

The plants use …… to make the water and carbon dioxide

A

Energy to make the water and carbon dioxide combine together in a chemical reaction

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7
Q

Reactants of photosynthesis

A

Water + carbon dioxide

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8
Q

Products of photosynthesis

A

glucose + oxygen

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9
Q

Why is photosynthesis important

A

Provides energy
Provides oxygen

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10
Q

How does plants use the energy that photosynthesis provides them

A

Plants use this energy to create glucose and other carbohydrates

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11
Q

How is energy passed from on organism to another

A

Most of the energy in all the food in the world comes from plants. A food chain shows how us how energy is passed along from one organism to another

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12
Q

If photosynthesis had never begun on earth then

A

No animals would ever have been able to live here

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13
Q

The picture shows a lizard eating a grasshopper. Grasshopper eats grass

Explain how the lizard reliance on photosynthesis to provide it with energy

A

Grass contains some energy so when the grasshopper eats it he gets even more energy then frog eats gettting even more energy in it

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14
Q

Explain one other reason (apart from food) why the lizard would not be able to survive if there were no plants

A

If there are no plants then no photosynthesis no photosynthesis then no oxygen no oxygen then nobody is able to live

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15
Q

Photosynthesis happens inside of

A

Chloroplasts

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16
Q

Chloroplasts contains

A

A green pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs / traps sunlight and uses its energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose

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17
Q

Plant cell

A

Cell wall , cell surface membrane, cytoplasm , nucleus -purple , green chloroplast , vacuole

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18
Q

Properties of leaves

A

They are very thin so sunlight can reach easily reach these cells

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19
Q

Chloroplasts need lots of …… and …….. because …….

A

water and carbon dioxide because these are used in photosynthesis

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20
Q

What are those tiny holes in the leave

A

Stoma or stomata :

Allow gases to diffuse in and out
The gases can easily diffuse through the air spaces between cells inside the leaf

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21
Q

Stoma these holes let ………

A

Carbon dioxide from the air get into the leaf

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22
Q

Top of the leaf only
Bottom of the leaf only

A

Top : photosynthesis
Bottom : gas exchange

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23
Q

What happens in the root hair

A

Water absorbs through the root hairs

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24
Q

How carbon dioxide diffuses into the leaf

A

Carbon dioxide it moves by diffusion through small holes in the underside of the leave called stomata

25
Q

How does the light effect photosynthesis

A

The higher the light intensity the faster the rate of photosynthesis

26
Q

Carbon dioxide concentration

A

As carbon dioxide concentration increased the rate of photosynthesis increased

27
Q

What is fertilizer

A

Fertilizer allows fields to grow larger and produce yield . Fertilizer contain minerals

28
Q

What happens when a plant doesn’t get enough minerals

A

They stop growing to their full potential

29
Q

One of the important minerals plant need and why

A

Magnesium:

Makes the green pigment in chlorophyll

30
Q

Not enough magnesium

A

Plant becomes yellow allowing it not to grow well because it doesn’t have much chlorophyll do it can’t absorb energy from sunlight so it won’t produce as much photosynthesis

31
Q

Second important mineral

A

Nitrate:

Contains nitrogen atoms. Need these atoms so the plants can convert carbohydrates to protein
.

32
Q

Carbon is an

A

Element and a non metal

33
Q

Carbon examples

A

Diamond
Graphite from the lead of the pencil
Carbohydrates

34
Q

What from do plants use

A

Carbon dioxide (compound)

35
Q

How do decomposers get their carbon

A

When they break down waste products from plants and animals

36
Q

Draw a good chain with one plant and three animals

A

Grass - grasshopper - frog - bird

37
Q

How does carbon return in the air

A

Photosynthesis and respiration you breathe out carbon dioxide

38
Q

How does decomposer regale-se carbon dioxide into the air

A

Decomposers respires too. As they break down waste product from plants and animals, they release carbon dioxide into the air

39
Q

What are fossil fuels

A

Organism die they are not Brocken down quickly by decomposers
Bodies gradually build up
Takes a long time to become fossil fuels

40
Q

Example of fossil fuels

A

Coal oil
Natural gas
Kerosene
Propane

41
Q

Why are fossil fuels are an example of a non renewable source

A

Fossil fuels take a very long time to form so they are being used up faster than they can be replaced

42
Q

Carbon dioxide green house gas

A

Which traps heat energy in the atmosphere to keep the earth warm

43
Q

Green house gases

A

Carbon dioxide
Methane

44
Q

What would happen if there will be no green house gases

A

No green houses gases the eorld would be frozen as the green house gases keep the earth warm

45
Q

What happens when there is to much green house gases

A

Too much green house gases that then there will be global warming

46
Q

What happens when you burn fossil fuels

A

Their released back into the atmosphere in this cause carbon

47
Q

Ice age

A

About 650 million years ago the whole earth was covered with ice and snow . This if called a snowball earth

48
Q

What happens when aestroids collided each other

A

Less sunlight reached the earth
No photosynthesis
Disruption of foods
Tsunami , floods
Mass extinction

49
Q

What are smaller then ASTeroids

A

Meteoroids when they enter the earth athmesphere they are called meteors

50
Q

Climate changes and the future effects

A

Extreme weather events
Less predictable rainfall
Rising sea levels due to melting of glaciers

51
Q

A) this gas is used by plants in photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide

52
Q

B) this gas is made by plants in photosynthesis

A

Oxygen

53
Q

Plants get their water from here

A

Soil

54
Q

This green pigment absorbs energy from sunlight

A

Chlorophyll

55
Q

These tiny hole sim a leaf allow gases to diffuse in and out

A

Stomata

56
Q

Marcus did an experiment to compara the rate of seaweed. seaweed are plant like organism that live in sea water.

A) what variable should Marcus change in his experiment

b) list three variables that Marcus should keep the same

C) what should Marcus measure in this experiment

A

a) amount of seaweeed

b) time , temperature, size of seaweed

c) the amount of gas collected by counting the amount of bubbled in the seaweed

57
Q

Explain why the yield of grain increases when nitrate containing fertilizer is added

A

Fertilizer contains minerals which helps the plants grow

58
Q

Name one mineral other than nitrate for that plants named to grow healthy

A

Magnesium they need it to make chlorophyll

59
Q

What is meant by mass extinction

A

Species will vanish much faster

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