Chp6

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process by which plants synthesis carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light

Question 2

Chemical equations for photosynthesis

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

Question 3

What is present during photosynthesis

Answer 3

Light and chlorophyll

Question 4

What is chlorophyll

Answer 4

It is a green pigment found in the chloroplast of leaves cells and is the substance that transfers light into chemical energy (for the synthesis of carbohydrates)

Question 5

How is carbon dioxide taking in

Answer 5

Diffuses from the air through the stomata of the leaves and

Question 6

How is water taken up

Answer 6

By the roots and transported through xylem vessels to the leaves

Question 7

Chlorophyll absorbs what and does what with it

Answer 7

Light energy and uses it to split the water molecules into hydrogen and carbon dioxide to form glucose the glucose can then be converted into other molecules like starch cellulose and amino acids

Question 8

What happens to the glucose produced in photosynthesis

Answer 8

Is quickly converted into sucrose which is the food transport molecule of plants so sucrose is transported in phloem vessels to all the parts of the plant that don’t photosynthesis

Question 9

Parts of the plant that don’t photosynthesis

Answer 9

Fruits and root

Question 10

Starch is what

Answer 10

An energy storage molecule meaning any sugar that isn’t needed for respiration or synthesis of other molecules it’s converted into starch

Question 11

Where is starch stored

Answer 11

Within the starch granules of chloroplasts in the cells of stems and roots and in tubers ( specialized organs that hold large starch reserves)

Question 12

What happens to some of the glucose produced

Answer 12

It’s used to synthesize a tough fibrous molecule called cellulose which comprises the freely permeable cell walls of plant cells

Question 13

Glucose can be used in respiration how

Answer 13

It provides energy through respiration oxygen which diffuses through the stomata reacts with glucose to realese energy and the byproducts (carbon dioxide , water )

Question 14

What is nectar made from

Answer 14

A mixture of carbohydrates molecule including glucose fructose and sucrose

Question 15

Flowering plants produces

Answer 15

Nectar and store it to attract insects for pollination

Question 16

Minerals that plants need

Answer 16

Magnesium nitrogen ions

Question 17

Magnesium and nitrogen ions combine

Answer 17

With glucose to make amino acids which are subsequently joined together to build proteins

Question 18

Magnesium is essential for

Answer 18

The production of the photosynthesic pigment chlorophyll

Question 19

Testing for starch

Answer 19

1) dip leaf into building water (30s)
Breaks down the cells of the leaf and makes it more permeable
2) boil in ethanol in a test tube
Remove the chlorophyll
3) dip in hot water to soften
4) spread out on a white tile
5) drop iodine solution onto leaf

Results
Parts with starch turn blue
Parts without starch turn brown

Question 20

Is chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis experiments

Answer 20

1) de starch the leaf while it’s still on the plant by leaving it in darkness for two to three days or covering the leaf with foil no new sugars would be produced due to the lack of light. Any exiting starch in the leaf will be turned into sucorese and transported into other parts of the plant. After being de starched expose the leaf for several hours record where the chlorophy is draw a leaf then gets it for starch only the parts with chlorophyll change color

Question 21

Is light necessary for photosynthesis excitement

Answer 21

-) de starch the plant
Cut a shape form a piece of foil
Attach to a leaf
Expose plant to light
Gets leaf for starch

Results exposed parts turn blue covered parts stain brown

Question 22

Is carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis

Answer 22

1) de starch two plants
2) cover with polythene bags
Sofa like in one pot
Sodium bicarbonate in the other
Expose to light
Test for starch

Result the leaf that had carbon dioxide turns blue the leaf without carbon dioxide turns brown

Question 23

Is oxygen produced by photosynthesis

Answer 23

Cover pondered with a funnel and a test tube filled with water
Expose to light
Leave the control plant on darkness
Use a glowing splint to test for oxygen

Results
Gas collects on the test tube of the experiment
The splint re ignites

Question 24

Gas exchange In aquatic plants

Answer 24

Clean three boiling tubes
Fill (2/3 full) with indicator solutions
Place pindeeed in tubes one two three
Deal all three
Expose one and two to light
And three in the dark

Results
Tube turns purple
Tube three yellow
Tube two control no color

Question 25

Varying light intensity

Answer 25

Mix sodium bicarbonate and water
Place pondered in beaker
Place a lamp 10cm away
Count bubbles for one minute
Repeat at least five distances

Mor e bubbles are real see at Greater light intensity

Question 26

Varying temperatures

Answer 26

1) place pondweed in beaker
Heat or cool the water to a specific temperature
Count the bubbles for one minute
Repeat at least five temps

More bubbles are realeseed at higher temps

Question 27

Varying carbon dioxide

Answer 27

Attach a capillary tube to a syringe
Add pondweed to the syringe
Fill syringe with distilled water
Align the meniscus with a ruler
Expose to light
Repeat using different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate

The meniscus moves further at higher concentrations of carbon dioxide

Question 28

Leaf adaptions

Answer 28

Role network of veins that branches outwards from the mid rib brings water to the leaf cells and carries away any sugars produced

Question 29

The shape of the leave

Answer 29

A broad flat shape is gives leaves a large surface area maximizing the uptake of carbon dioxide and the absorption of light

Question 30

Thin leaves why

Answer 30

Reduces the distance over which I carbon dioxide must defuse in order to reach the cells in which photosynthesis occurs

Question 31

Epidermis

Answer 31

Single layer of cells that lines the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf the upper cells do not contain chloroplast and are transparent to allow light to reach the cells below they also protect the plants from disease causing pathogens and organism and limit water losss to evaporation

Question 32

Cuticle

Answer 32

Waxy layer top of the upper epidermis
Waterproofs the leaf limiting water loss

Question 33

Stomata

Answer 33

Near the lower epidermis and guard cells

Question 34

Guard cells

Answer 34

Determine where her the pore is open or closed in

Question 35

Guard cells

Answer 35

The leaf needs carbon dioxide for photosynthesis so water moves into the guard cells by osmosis causing them to change shape and the pore to open at night time water moves out of the guard cells and the pore closed to reduce water loss

Question 36

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 36

Between the upper and lower epidermis

Question 37

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 37

Tes

Question 38

Water vapor

Answer 38

Moves into the airspace’s from the surrounding cells and out of the lead through the stomata the veins of the leaf are made of structures called vascular bundles which consist of both xylem and phloem tissues

Question 39

Interior xylem vessels

Answer 39

Transport water to the leaf for photosynthesis and mineral ions for the production of amino acids and chlorophyll