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ap human > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

cartography

A

science of mapmaking

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2
Q

census data

A

a survey taken that counts people and other demographics

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3
Q

contagious diffusion

A

the spread of an idea/characteristic from person-to-person or online (ex: trends in clothing, slang, humor)

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4
Q

culture

A

a particular group’s material characteristics, behavioral patterns, beliefs, social norms, and attitudes that are shared and transmitted

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5
Q

density

A

how compact or spread out a characteristic/population is

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6
Q

diffusion

A

the spread of a characteristic or idea

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7
Q

distance-decay

A

the idea that the more space between two places, the less interactions they will have

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8
Q

distribution

A

the places where a characteristic/population is spread

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9
Q

what is the difference between distribution and density?

A

distribution focuses on the location, while density focuses on the ratio of the characteristic/population, the numbers

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10
Q

equator

A

an imaginary line in the middle of the Earth which separates the Northern and Southern Hemisphere

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11
Q

expansion diffusion

A

a idea spreading from place to place and within a society with popularity

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12
Q

field data

A

data that is found by physically visiting a location and recording it there

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13
Q

formal region

A

an official region where it shares one universal characteristic (political, economic, cultural)

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14
Q

friction of distance

A

the idea that distance usually requires some amount of effort, money, and/or energy to overcome

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15
Q

functional/nodal region

A

a main focal/nodal point surrounded by it’s connection links (usually trade, communication, and transportation)

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16
Q

geospatial data

A

the location information and features or attributes of places

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17
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information Systems: a software that creates different map layers of data

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18
Q

globalization

A

impact on local culture and economics caused by increased interaction between geographically distinct regions

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19
Q

GPS

A

a navigational tool that finds a places absolute location

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20
Q

gravity model

A

the interaction between two places can be determined by the product of the population of both places, divided by the distance from one another

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21
Q

hierarchical diffusion

A

a characteristic that is passed from a place/person with power, to someone with less power, repeated

22
Q

hearth

A

the place where an idea originates from

23
Q

international date line

A

boundary from which each calendar day starts: When you cross the International Date Line heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When you go west (toward Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day.

24
Q

latitude

A

coordinate that shows the north/southness of a location

25
Q

location

A

a place’s position on Earth
absolute: exact
relative: location in relation to other places

26
Q

longitude

A

coordinates showing how west/east and place is (think: x-coordinates)

27
Q

Mercator projection

A

good for navigation, but severely distorts the shape. may suggest that euro-centric places are superior than those that are non-white

28
Q

model

A

theoretical frameworks that let us predict things

29
Q

pattern

A

arrangement of objects on earth’s surface in relationship to one another

30
Q

place

A

a specific location

31
Q

prime meridian

A

a line of longitude (stretches from north to south) that is define to 0 degrees, divides earth into eastern and western hemispheres

32
Q

projections

A

the earth’s curved surface being put onto a flat surface, will always result in distortion

33
Q

regions

A

an area differentiated with a specific characteristic (formal, perceptual, functional, physical)

34
Q

relocation diffusion

A

idea spreading with the movement of people (ex: English coming to the United States)

35
Q

robinson projection

A

a curved map that is overall good, but has slight distortions in all areas

36
Q

scale

A

relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

37
Q

site

A

absolute location of a settlement on the Earth, includes the physical characteristics of the landscape specifically inside the settlement (climate, soil, etc)

38
Q

situation

A

settlement is in relation to other settlements and the features of the surrounding area, outside the settlement

39
Q

space

A

the distance between two locations

40
Q

space-time compression

A

reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation system (phones, social media, planes)

41
Q

spatial analysis

A

process of extracting or creating new information about a set of geographic features to perform routine examination, assessment, evaluation, analysis or modeling of data in a geographic area

42
Q

stimulus diffusion

A

an idea that is adapted/changed, but the underlying principle is still behind it

43
Q

sustainability

A

the process of using resources that prioritizes the future

44
Q

time zones

A

an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial and social purposes, separated by approximately 15 degrees longitude

45
Q

toponym

A

a name for a place with specifics origins or meanings

46
Q

uneven development

A

development takes place at different rates in different regions

47
Q

vernacular/perceptual region

A

an unofficial region that holds cultural meaning (Chinatown, Little Italy, The South)

48
Q

simplification

A

technique where shapes of retained features are altered to enhance visibility and reduce complexity

49
Q

symbolization

A

graphical device used to visually represent a real-world feature on a map

50
Q

categorization

A

the specific data/category converyed

51
Q

induction

A

the generalization and reasoning from details

ap human (7 decks)

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