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Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Any close and long term interaction between 2 organisms of different species

A

Symbiosis

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2
Q

(+)(+)

A

Mutualism

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3
Q

(-)(-)

A

Competition

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4
Q

(+)(0)

A

Commensalism

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5
Q

Example of mutualism

A

Followers and pollinators

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6
Q

Example of competition

A

Baby birds competing for same food

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7
Q

Example of commensalism

A

Birds in nest

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8
Q

Reduces population size since there are fewer resources available

A

Competition

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9
Q

How can competition lead to resource partitioning

A

Different species use the same resources in different ways to reduce competition
Ex: Temporal, spatial, morphological

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10
Q

Intraspecific

A

Between the same species

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11
Q

interspecific

A

Between different species

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12
Q

More plant and animal life in an ecosystem

A

Biodiversity

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13
Q

An area that shares a combination of average yearly temperature and precipitation

A

Biome

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14
Q

Typical location of a tropical rainforest

A

Along the equator

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15
Q

Typical climate of tropical rainforest

A

Warm and high precipitation

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16
Q

Plants and animals in tropical rainforest

A

Plants- most diverse, big trees, vines
Animals- Most diverse, birds, and insects, reptiles, Mammals

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17
Q

Typical location in deciduous forest

A

North America and Europe

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18
Q

Typical climate in temperate deciduous forest

A

Warm summer, cool winter, mild precipitation

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19
Q

Plants and animals in temperate deciduous forest

A

Plants– Trees that lose leaves in winter
Animals – animals adapted to changing seasons

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20
Q

Typical location of Taiga (boreal) forest

A

Canada and North America,
Northern Europe

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21
Q

Typical climate in taiga forest

A

Cool Summer And cold winter

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22
Q

Plants and animals in taiga Forest

A

Adapted to cold winters

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23
Q

Location in tropical grasslands (Savanna)

A

African plains

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24
Q

Climate in grasslands/savanna

A

Warm, rainy season

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25
Q

Plants and animals in grassland/Savanna

A

Plants – grasses, small trees
Animals – grazing animals

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26
Q

Location in temperate grassland/Prairie

A

Great plains of North America

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27
Q

Climate of temperate grassland/Prairie

A

Dry, warm

28
Q

Plants and animals in temperate grassland/prairie

A

 plants – grasses, small trees
Animals – grazing animals

29
Q

Location in tundra

A

North and south poles

30
Q

Climate in tundra

31
Q

Plants and animals in tundra

A

Plants – Permafrost – not really any plants
Animals – adapted to very cold weather

32
Q

Location of desert

A

Africa, North America, Middle East

33
Q

Climate of desert

A

Very hot – dry

34
Q

Plants and animals in Desert

A

Plants – plants that hold in water
Animals – adapted to very hot weather

35
Q

Location of coral reef

A

Warm shallow ocean waters

36
Q

Plants and animals in coral reef

A

Plants - algae
 animals - most diverse ecosystem, lots of fish/crustaceans

37
Q

Location of open ocean

A

Large marine biomes

38
Q

Plants and animals in open ocean

A

Plants – only algae/phytoplankton in photic zones
Animals – many species of fish, aquatic mammals

39
Q

Location of estuary/wetland

A

Freshwater/coasta

40
Q

Plants and animals in estuary

A

Plants – plants that can handle fresh salt water
Animals – birds, turtles, fish

41
Q

Importance of carbon

A

CO2 (Carbon dioxide),glucose, CH4 (Ammonia)

42
Q

Importance of nitrogen

A

Makes proteins

43
Q

Importance of water

A

Crucial for photosynthesis and cellular respiration

44
Q

Largest reservoir of carbon

A

Sinks – ocean, plants

45
Q

Largest nitrogen reservoir

A

Atmosphere

46
Q

Largest water reservoir

47
Q

Carbon method of transport

A

Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, compassion, burial nitrification

48
Q

Nitrogen method of Transport

A

Fixation, assimilation

49
Q

Water method of transport

A

Runoff, precipitation, Condensation,, Transpiration, evapotranspiration, Infiltration

50
Q

Cycle duration of carbon

A

Some fast, some short

51
Q

Cycle duration of nitrogen

52
Q

Cycle duration of water

53
Q

Conversion of NH4 (Ammonia) and nitrite and then nitrate by soil bacteria

A

Nitrification

54
Q

Conversion of soil nitrate into nitrous N2O gas, Returns to atmosphere

A

Denitrification

55
Q

 plants and animals taking nitrogen (Nitrate and ammonium)
In and Incorporating it into their body (make DNA and amino acids)

A

Assimilation

56
Q

Process of nitrogen gas being converted into usable form (Nitrite/ammonia) 

A

Nitrogen fixation

57
Q

Soil bacteria and decomposers converting waste and dead biomass into ammonia which goes to atmosphere returning to soil (nitrate —> ammonia)

A

Ammonification

58
Q

Energy is never created or destroyed

A

First law of thermodynamics

59
Q

Example of first law Thermodynamics

A

When a rabbit eats leaf the energy from the leaf glucose is transferred

60
Q

Each time energy is transferred some is lost as heat

A

Second law of thermodynamics

61
Q

Example of second law of thermodynamics

62
Q

The total amount of energy from the sun that plants capture

A

Gross primary Productivity

63
Q

The amount of energy left over for consumers after plants have done cellular respiration

A

Net primary productivity

64
Q

Biomes with high NPP

A

Rainforest, forest (lots of sun, water)

65
Q

Biomes with low in PP

A

Desert, tundra (Missing sun or water)

66
Q

Order of ecological hierarchy

A

Species, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

APES (10 decks)

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