Unit 1 Flashcards
Roanoke | Roanoke was ____ 1st attempt to establish a ____ settlement.
England’s & Permanent
Roanoke was England’s 1st attempt to establish a permanent settlement.
Roanoke | Location?
Off the coast of Virginia
Roanoke | Why did the supply ship not return for 3 years?
The supply ship returned 3 years later because England was busy fighting Spain
Roanoke | What word was left behind?
CROATOAN
Roanoke | Theory’s
-They were captured by hostile Spanish
-They blended in with Native Americans
-They built a boat and was lost at sea
What was Virginia Dare known for?
First person born in the “New World”
Vocabulary | Joint-Stock Company
Define: A company with multiple investors.
Related to: Jamestown
Vocabulary | Charter
Define: A document that gives certain right & permissions
Jamestown: What company founded Jamestown?
Virginia Company of London
btw: A Joint-Stock Company
Jamestown | The first ____ settlement in the __ _____
Successful & New World
The first successful settlement in the New World
Jamestown | Establishing Date
1607
Jamestown | Who’s name did Jamestown come from?
King James I
Jamestown | Who is Captain John Smith
Head of the Jamestown Colony & He is responsible for Jamestown survival & “He that will not work shall not eat”
Jamestown | Who was Pocahontas
Daughter of Chief Powhatan
btw: Married John Rolfe
Jamestown | Who is John Rolfe
First person to cultivate tobacco & married Pocahontas
Jamestown | Most settlers were ______ and not ______
Adventurers
Crafters, farmers, not experts on survival
Jamestown | The 3 G’s
God: Convert & Escape Persecution
Glory: Fame & Success
God: Riches & Wealth & Power
Jamestown | Colonists claimed ___ ____ as theirs
Native Land
Colonists claimed native land as their (settlers)
Jamestown | Received ___ charter(s) & Date(s)
3 & 1606, 1609, 1612
Received 3 charters in 1606, 1609, and 1612
Jamestown | Virginia Company was granted the _____ to _____ its own colony
Authority & Govern
Virginia Company was granted the authority to govern its own colony.
Jamestown | Virginia House of _____ and date
Burgesses & 1619
Jamestown | What was the Virginia House of Burgesses
First representative government in the New World
Jamestown | Reasons why King James I wanted to explore
-Wanted to beat the Spanish in colonization
-Find a faster route to Asia (for spices)
Jamestown | What was the Starving Times
A time where food supplies fell to critical levels & Rivers were full of diseases & Attacks between natives and colonists
Jamestown | What was the Cash Crop?
Tobacco
Jamestown | Jamestown were close to losing investment so they …
allowed land to be owned by others and adopted the English Common as the foundation of its government
Jamestown | House of Burgesses chain of order
Governor - Appointed by VI CO
Governor’s Council - Appointed by Governor - Total 6
Burgesses - Representatives
Governor can veto laws and VI CO can veto the governor
Jamestown | In 1624, Virginia became a ___ _____ and the ____ had their powers restricted
Royal Colony & House
In 1624, Virginia became a Royal Colony and the House had their powers restricted
William Bradford | William Bradford was known for being the ______ of _____
Governor & Plymouth
William Bradford was known for being governor of Plymouth
William Bradford | Believed / Was a ____
Separatist / Pilgrim
William Bradford | Was a passenger on the ______
Mayflower
Was a passenger on the Mayflower
William Bradford | Known for …
Being the governor of Plymouth, Massachusetts.
He also help draft the legal code and facilitated on religious tolerance
William Bradford | Bradford served as governor for __ years
31
Bradford served as governor for 31 years
Mayflower | The Mayflower passed through the ___ ____ ____
Cape Cod Bay
The Mayflower passed through the Cape Cod Bay
Mayflower | Pilgrims arrived to _____, Massachusetts in ___
Plymouth & 1621
Pilgrims arrived to Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1621
Plymouth | What was the Common House?
The Common House was a location where supplies were stored.
Puritan vs Separatists | England was a ______ country, but in 1532 King Henry created the _______ Church.
Catholic & Anglican
England was a catholic country, but in 1532 King Henry created the Anglican Church.
Puritan vs Separatists | Who was Ann Bradstreet
The First American Women Poet
Puritan vs Separatists | Puritans wanted to ____ the Church of England
purify
Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England
Puritan vs Separatists | The Separatists were also known as the ____
Pilgrims
The Separatists were also known as the Pilgrims
Puritan vs Separatists | Pilgrims are known for ______
Thanksgiving
Pilgrims are known for Thanksgiving
Puritan vs Separatists | The Pilgrims went on the Mayflower to _____ FIRST
Hollen, Netherlands
Puritan vs Separatists | Why did the Pilgrims leave the Netherlands?
The children slowly merged with the Dutch society
Puritan vs Separatists | Where did the Pilgrims go after the Netherlands?
Plymouth, Massachusetts
Puritan vs Separatists | What crops did the natives teach the separatists?
Corn, Bean, and Squash
Puritan vs Separatists | What disease killed many natives?
Smallpox
Puritan vs Separatists | Separatists believed in Predestination
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Puritan vs Separatists | 1630s-1640s was The ____ ______
Great Migration
Mayflower Compact | What was the Mayflower Compact?
It was the first governing document of Plymouth
Mayflower Compact | Who signed the Mayflower Compact & When
The Men & After they got off the Mayflower
Indentured Servants | Who were Indentured Servants
A person who signs a contract that states to work for another person for a certain amount of time in return for money in travelling expenses
Thomas Hooker | Thomas Hooker was the most ____ Puritan
Educated
Thomas Hooker was the most educated puritan
Thomas Hooker | He help write the _________ ____ of ________
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Thomas Hooker | His nickname was…
Father of Democracy
Thomas Hooker | Help write the first _____ constitution
democratic
Help write the first democratic constitution
Thomas Hooker | He wanted all men to have the right to _____ regardless of the status of the church
Vote
He wanted all men to have the right to note regardless of the status of church
Thomas Hooker | His constitution would later become a model for the US
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Thomas Hooker | FOoC maintained _____ framework but still allowed all ____ to vote
religious & men
FOoC maintained religious framework but still allowed all men to vote.
Middle Colonies | Define Royal Colony
A colony controlled directly by the England king
Middle Colonies | Define Backcountry
A frontier region extending through multiple colonies (Pennsylvania -> Georgia)
Middle Colonies | Define Proprietary Colony
A colony created by a grant of land from a Monarch
Middle Colonies | New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware all have ____ soil
fertile
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware all have fertile soil.
Middle Colonies | New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware all have warmer, long ______ season
Growing
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware all have warmer, long growing season
Middle Colonies | William Penn was a ____
Quaker
Middle Colonies | William Penn was the founder of __________
Pennsylvania
Middle Colonies | Quakers believed in…
Everyone had a (direct) connection to god & Against slavery
Middle Colonies | William Penn considered his colony a ____ _____ because he thought…
Holy Experiment
&
He wanted to see if people (with different religions) could live together in peace.
Middle Colonies | William Penn designed ______
Philadelphia
Middle Colonies | Pennsylvania is also known as the _____ basket
Wheat
Pennsylvania is also known as the wheat basket
Middle Colonies | In 1704, ____ become a separate colony
Delaware
In 104, Delaware become a separate colony.
Middle Colonies | New Amsterdam / New Netherlands became ____ ___ / _____
New York / New York City
Middle Colonies | New York was originally New Netherlands
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Middle Colonies | New York was so large that it was split and a new colony called ___ ____ was formed
New Jersey
Middle Colonies | Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret were the founders of ______
New Jersey
Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret were the founders of New Jersey
Middle Colonies Chart | New York
Founder & Reason Founded
New York
Founder: Dutch Colonists
Reason: Religious Freedom and Economic Opportunities
Other: Originally New Netherlands
Middle Colonies Chart | New Jersey
Founders & Reason Founded
New Jersey
Founders: Lord (John) Berkeley & Sir George Carteret
Reason: Religious Freedom & Economic Opportunites
Middle Colonies Chart | Pennsylvania
Founder & Reason Founded
Pennsylvania
Founder: William Penn
Reason: Religious & Political Freedom (Quaker)
Middle Colonies Chart | Delaware
Founder & Reason Founded
Delaware
Founder: Swedish Settlers
Reason: Economic Opportunities
Southern Colonies Chart | Virginia
Founder & Reason Founded
Virginia
Founder: John Smith
Reason: Economic Opportunities
Southern Colonies Chart | Maryland
Founder & Reason Founded
Maryland
Founder: Lord Baltimore
Reason: Provide religious & political freedom (for Catholics)
Southern Colonies Chart | Carolina
Founder & Reason Founded
Carolina
Founder: Lord Proprietors | 8 Noble Men
Reason: Economic Opportunities
Southern Colonies Chart | Georgia
Founder & Reason Founded
Georgia
Founder: James Oglethorpe
Reason: Free people from the English Debt Laws & Acts like a Buffer Colony
Southern Colonies | What was the Bacon’s Rebellion
Farmers needed land but the governor refused the request (due to his relationship with the natives for fur trades) which resulted in a rebellion. The rebellion ended quickly as Nathanial Bacon died shortly after it began.
The request for land was because all the fertile land used for farming towards the coast was already taken.
Southern Colonies | What was the Act of Toleration
It was a law passed in Maryland where Catholics were protected and had the right to worship.
This law did not protect any other religion.
Systems | What was the Patroon System?
It was a system to bring people to the colonies. It acted as a referral system where you must invite others to come to the “New World”. The rewards for the referrer were licenses to fish, hunt, and trade fur.
Systems | What was the Headright System?
It grants 50 acres of land to new settlers in the 13 colonies.
System | What were the Push-pull factors?
Example: A person is being persecuted for being a quaker and harassed and held in jail constantly. This pushes them away from being in England. If you go to the 13 colonies, you get 50 acres of land! This is pulling them towards going.
People | Who was Peter Stuyresant?
The Dutch governor of New Netherlands
Triangular Trade | Define Triangular Trade
Trade routes between Africa, Europe, and the Americas during the Atlantic Slave Trade.
Triangular Trade | Many plantations need ______ so they requested for African slaves because the natives were prone to _____ from ______.
Slaves & Dying & Diseases
Many plantations need slaves so they requested for African slaves because the natives were prone to dying from diseases.
Triangular Trade | What did the Americas send back to Europe?
Tobacco, Cotton, and Rice
Northern Colonies Chart | Massachusetts (Plymouth)
Founder & Reason
Massachusetts (Plymouth)
Founder: William Bradford
Reason: Religious Freedom (for Pilgrims)
Northern Colonies Chart | Massachusetts (Bay)
Founder & Reason
Massachusetts (Bay)
Founder: John Winthrop
Reason: Religious Freedom (for Puritans)
Northern Colonies Chart | Connecticut
Founder & Reason
Connecticut
Founder: Thomas Hooker
Reason: Religious & Political Freedom
Northern Colonies Chart | New Hampshire
Founder & Reason
New Hampshire
Founder: Settlers from Massachusetts
Reason: Economic Opportunities
Northern Colonies Chart | Rhode Island
Founder & Reason
Rhode Island
Founder: Roger Williams
Reason: Religious & Political Freedom
Reasoning | Why did the Europeans feel entitled to native land?
-They had a charter
-Natives “weren’t using it”
-Europeans were more powerful
Reasoning | Why did the Natives feel entitled to native land?
-They were there first
