Mid-Term 2022 Review Flashcards
Jamestown
The first successful colony in the new world, made tobacco
Plymouth
The Pilgrims’ colony in Massachusetts
“The staving time”
During the first winter in Jamestown, the majority of the colonists died.
-Disease (from rivers)
-Hunger
-Attacks (from natives)
Know the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans nd why they left England. Who were their leaders?
Pilgrims left because they were dissenters and they wanted to break from the church of England, leader was William Bradford.
Puritans wanted to purify the church of England, and did not leave. Their leader was John Winthrop
Separatists
A person who separated from the Church of England because they believed the church could not be reformed ; Pilgrims
Non-Separatists
A person who wanted to “purify” the Church of England ; Puritan
Proprietary colony
A colony created by a grant of land from a monarch
Royal colony
A colony controlled directly by (England’s) king
Pennsylvania’s Founders vs. Massachusetts founders (beliefs and purpose of colony)
Pennsylvania: William Penn (Quaker), wanted equality
Massachusetts: John Winthrop & William Bradford, religious freedom for Puritans
Pennsylvania’s Founders vs. Massachusetts founders (beliefs and purpose of colony)
Pennsylvania: William Penn (Quaker), wanted equality
Massachusetts: John Winthrop & William Bradford, religious freedom for Puritans
Dutch settlement = which colony?
New York
Know the meaning of John Winthrop’s “City upon a Hill” quote
They want to be an example for the world (Massachusetts Bay)
Debtor colony and its leader
Georgia ; James Oglethrope
Mayflower Compact
First democracy government in the New World ; founded by Pilgrims
House of Burgesses
First Democracy government in the New World
America’s Breadbasket = which colony
Pennsylvania
Navigation Act
An act created by the British government restricted trade with foreign countries except for Great Britain
Smuggling
Sneaking illegal goods
Plantation System
The system of having slaves working on land instead of paid workers, in southern colonies
The Great Awakening
A religious revival in the early 1700s. Started by Jonathan Edwards
Albany Plan: What was it, who supported it, who rejected it and why
It was a plan to unite the colonies under a central government, made by Ben Franklin. Parliament rejected it because he didn’t want them to get too independent
The French and Indian War: Battle of Quebec
The British surprised the French on a bluff in Quebec, they won the battle and that caused the British to win the war
Proclamation of 1763
A law that restricted colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountain
Results of the French and Indian War
England got Canada ; France loss all of its territory in North America ; Spain got Louisiana and Florida
Stamp Act
A tax on newspapers, magazine, and legal documents ; enacted b the British Parliament
Committees of Correspondence
An emergency provisional government was set up in the 13 colonies in response to British policies leading up to the revolutionary war.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
Led by John Hancock, they protested and boycotted England
Shot Heard Round the World
The opening shot of the battles of Lexington & Concord It marked the beginning of the American Revolution
Enslaved African Americans in the Revolutionary War. With whom did they ally? Why?
The British because they were promised freedom if they won.
Tea Act
Gave the East India Tea Company a monopoly. People boycotted it. Sons of Liberty started the Boston Tea Party.
First shots of the American Revolution: where and by whom?
At Lexington, nobody knew who fired first.
Sugar and Stamp Acts led to a protest
People boycotted. The acts were later repealed and replaced with the Townshend Act.
The sequence of events during the American Revolution
1775- Lexington and Concord
1775- Second Continental Congress
1775- Bunker Hill
1776- Declaration of Independence
1777- Brandywine
1777- alley Forge
1781- Yorktown
1783- Treaty of Paris
Declaration of Independence, author, the meaning of “all men are created equal”
Thomas Jefferson
Significance of the Battle of Saratoga
Known as the turning point of the Revolutionary War
Valley Forge and American reactions to Valley Forge
A bad winter with Washington’s troops, people liked Washington because he suffered with his troops
Francis Marion
Nicknamed “Swamp Fox,” he got chased by a British commander all through southern colonies and used guerilla warfare
Benedict Arnold
Hero in Ticonderoga and Saratoga but didn’t get any credit, ended up betraying America
Why was the Declaration of Independence written? What is its importance?
It declared independence from Great Britain, it was no longer its colony
Major Turning point (battle) in the American Revolution
Battle of Saratoga
Reasons America won the Revolution
They had a reason to fight, It was on their home ground, and they had many foreign supporters. Used guerilla warfare, alliance with France, had George Washington
Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan- which states supported which plan?
Bigger and more populated states like the Virginia Plan, vice versa for the New Jersey plan
Rights vs responsibilities of citizens
Voting, support the constitution
Know First amendment rights and apply them to real life situations
Freedom of Speech, Press, Petition, Assembly, and Religion
What is ratification? Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution?
Ratification is when something gis approved. People did not like the Constitution because they thought it gave the federal government too much power.
What is ratification? Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution?
Ratification is when something gis approved. People did not like the Constitution because they thought it gave the federal government too much power.
Knowing the meaning of the PREAMBLE
Introduce the Constitution ; Talks about the purpose of the Constitution
Why were the Articles of Confederation considered weak?
Congress did not have enough power to enforce laws, no central leadership (executive)
Why were the Articles of Confederation considered weak?
Congress did not have enough power to enforce laws, no central leadership (executive)
Shay’s Rebellion: How did it reveal the weakness of the Articles?
America realized that they need a stronger central government.
Three-Fifths compromise
For every 5 slaves, 3 would count towards population and taxes
Alien and Sedition Act
The sedition Act states it is illegal to criticize the president and congress
The Alien Act allowed the president to deem anyone “dangerous”and deport them
George Washington’s Farewell Address (what did he suggest for our new Nation?)
Advised against political parties and foreign affairs
