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American History > Mid-Term 2022 Review > Flashcards

Mid-Term 2022 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Jamestown

A

The first successful colony in the new world, made tobacco

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2
Q

Plymouth

A

The Pilgrims’ colony in Massachusetts

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3
Q

“The staving time”

A

During the first winter in Jamestown, the majority of the colonists died.

-Disease (from rivers)
-Hunger
-Attacks (from natives)

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4
Q

Know the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans nd why they left England. Who were their leaders?

A

Pilgrims left because they were dissenters and they wanted to break from the church of England, leader was William Bradford.

Puritans wanted to purify the church of England, and did not leave. Their leader was John Winthrop

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5
Q

Separatists

A

A person who separated from the Church of England because they believed the church could not be reformed ; Pilgrims

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6
Q

Non-Separatists

A

A person who wanted to “purify” the Church of England ; Puritan

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7
Q

Proprietary colony

A

A colony created by a grant of land from a monarch

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8
Q

Royal colony

A

A colony controlled directly by (England’s) king

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9
Q

Pennsylvania’s Founders vs. Massachusetts founders (beliefs and purpose of colony)

A

Pennsylvania: William Penn (Quaker), wanted equality

Massachusetts: John Winthrop & William Bradford, religious freedom for Puritans

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10
Q

Pennsylvania’s Founders vs. Massachusetts founders (beliefs and purpose of colony)

A

Pennsylvania: William Penn (Quaker), wanted equality

Massachusetts: John Winthrop & William Bradford, religious freedom for Puritans

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11
Q

Dutch settlement = which colony?

A

New York

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12
Q

Know the meaning of John Winthrop’s “City upon a Hill” quote

A

They want to be an example for the world (Massachusetts Bay)

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13
Q

Debtor colony and its leader

A

Georgia ; James Oglethrope

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14
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

First democracy government in the New World ; founded by Pilgrims

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15
Q

House of Burgesses

A

First Democracy government in the New World

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16
Q

America’s Breadbasket = which colony

A

Pennsylvania

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17
Q

Navigation Act

A

An act created by the British government restricted trade with foreign countries except for Great Britain

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18
Q

Smuggling

A

Sneaking illegal goods

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19
Q

Plantation System

A

The system of having slaves working on land instead of paid workers, in southern colonies

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20
Q

The Great Awakening

A

A religious revival in the early 1700s. Started by Jonathan Edwards

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21
Q

Albany Plan: What was it, who supported it, who rejected it and why

A

It was a plan to unite the colonies under a central government, made by Ben Franklin. Parliament rejected it because he didn’t want them to get too independent

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22
Q

The French and Indian War: Battle of Quebec

A

The British surprised the French on a bluff in Quebec, they won the battle and that caused the British to win the war

23
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

A law that restricted colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountain

24
Q

Results of the French and Indian War

A

England got Canada ; France loss all of its territory in North America ; Spain got Louisiana and Florida

25
Q

Stamp Act

A

A tax on newspapers, magazine, and legal documents ; enacted b the British Parliament

26
Q

Committees of Correspondence

A

An emergency provisional government was set up in the 13 colonies in response to British policies leading up to the revolutionary war.

27
Q

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

A

Led by John Hancock, they protested and boycotted England

28
Q

Shot Heard Round the World

A

The opening shot of the battles of Lexington & Concord It marked the beginning of the American Revolution

29
Q

Enslaved African Americans in the Revolutionary War. With whom did they ally? Why?

A

The British because they were promised freedom if they won.

30
Q

Tea Act

A

Gave the East India Tea Company a monopoly. People boycotted it. Sons of Liberty started the Boston Tea Party.

31
Q

First shots of the American Revolution: where and by whom?

A

At Lexington, nobody knew who fired first.

32
Q

Sugar and Stamp Acts led to a protest

A

People boycotted. The acts were later repealed and replaced with the Townshend Act.

33
Q

The sequence of events during the American Revolution

A

1775- Lexington and Concord
1775- Second Continental Congress
1775- Bunker Hill
1776- Declaration of Independence
1777- Brandywine
1777- alley Forge
1781- Yorktown
1783- Treaty of Paris

34
Q

Declaration of Independence, author, the meaning of “all men are created equal”

A

Thomas Jefferson

35
Q

Significance of the Battle of Saratoga

A

Known as the turning point of the Revolutionary War

36
Q

Valley Forge and American reactions to Valley Forge

A

A bad winter with Washington’s troops, people liked Washington because he suffered with his troops

37
Q

Francis Marion

A

Nicknamed “Swamp Fox,” he got chased by a British commander all through southern colonies and used guerilla warfare

38
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero in Ticonderoga and Saratoga but didn’t get any credit, ended up betraying America

39
Q

Why was the Declaration of Independence written? What is its importance?

A

It declared independence from Great Britain, it was no longer its colony

40
Q

Major Turning point (battle) in the American Revolution

A

Battle of Saratoga

41
Q

Reasons America won the Revolution

A

They had a reason to fight, It was on their home ground, and they had many foreign supporters. Used guerilla warfare, alliance with France, had George Washington

42
Q

Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan- which states supported which plan?

A

Bigger and more populated states like the Virginia Plan, vice versa for the New Jersey plan

43
Q

Rights vs responsibilities of citizens

A

Voting, support the constitution

44
Q

Know First amendment rights and apply them to real life situations

A

Freedom of Speech, Press, Petition, Assembly, and Religion

45
Q

What is ratification? Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution?

A

Ratification is when something gis approved. People did not like the Constitution because they thought it gave the federal government too much power.

46
Q

What is ratification? Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution?

A

Ratification is when something gis approved. People did not like the Constitution because they thought it gave the federal government too much power.

47
Q

Knowing the meaning of the PREAMBLE

A

Introduce the Constitution ; Talks about the purpose of the Constitution

48
Q

Why were the Articles of Confederation considered weak?

A

Congress did not have enough power to enforce laws, no central leadership (executive)

48
Q

Why were the Articles of Confederation considered weak?

A

Congress did not have enough power to enforce laws, no central leadership (executive)

49
Q

Shay’s Rebellion: How did it reveal the weakness of the Articles?

A

America realized that they need a stronger central government.

50
Q

Three-Fifths compromise

A

For every 5 slaves, 3 would count towards population and taxes

51
Q

Alien and Sedition Act

A

The sedition Act states it is illegal to criticize the president and congress

The Alien Act allowed the president to deem anyone “dangerous”and deport them

52
Q

George Washington’s Farewell Address (what did he suggest for our new Nation?)

A

Advised against political parties and foreign affairs

American History (11 decks)

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