Unit 1 Flashcards
What defines public diplomacy?
Communication based on national interest
Can public diplomacy be addressed to the citizens of ones own country?
No. It is always addressed to citizens of a foreign country
Is public diplomacy only a state tool?
No. it can also be used by international organisations such as NATO
What is the foundation for PD and communication?
Aristotle and his work “Rhetoric.”
What are the five dimensions to public diplomacy developed by Aristotle?
- Affect people’s thinking
- Find which results we expect
- Find a strategy to reach our objectives
- Finding how to best deliver the message
- Understanding the core of the matter
What are three steps to be taken in order to find a good PD strategy?
- Evaluate the data we have collected from our target audience.
- Choose a technique using handbooks.
- Evaluate the movement of our strategy
Two time frames on result expectations
- Short term
2. Long term
Which result time frame is China aiming for?
Long term results
Which result time frame is US and EU aiming for?
Short term results
Is the worrying that we see today towards “New Technology” a new phenomenon?
No. This uncertainty has arisen historically. The same concerns that we have regarding social media today is what arose at the time the newspapers came.
What is a common mistake that states make when choosing a strategy to obtain their objective?
They miscalculate the time it will take to reach their desired result.
Examples of techniques to be used to reach an objective
- Deeds. show that you are not only talk, but that you will take action.
- Appealing to emotions. Remember that emotions and feelings are rational experiences.
- silence. This can be dangerous as someone else might occupy your space.
What is similar among all the synonyms of propaganda?
They all talk about the Human psychology
What are the 5 parts of communication?
- The sender
- The receiver
- The message
- The channel
- The intention
Are there any limits to the channels we use to send a message?
NO. We can use any tool such as a flag, sports, food, actors etc…
If an actor gives a speech at a festival, the actor is (?) and the festival is (?)
The actor is THE SENDER and the festival is THE CHANNEL
In addition to the five parts of communication, what is also extremely important?
Consider the context
Who was the first to coin the term propaganda?
The Catholic church during the rise of protestantism?
What was the meaning of propaganda when the Catholic church coined the term?
To communicate ideas
Was the catholic church the first actor in the world to use propaganda?
No. It has been used throughout history by people such as Pharaoh Hatshepsut and Ramses II as well as Julius Caesar. The Catholic church was the first to use the name propaganda.
Why is there a need for synonyms for propaganda?
It has a negative connotation in protestant countries after the use of it by the catholic church, but also due to its importance and use during the cold war.
Which important tools of propaganda were also used by the Greeks?
Metaphors and analogies
Some authors, such as Melissen, differ between PD and propaganda. What are their main arguments?
They say that only in PD does the sender listen to the receiver. Melissen does therefore argue that PD has developed within democratic structures.
Why can one argue that PD and propaganda as synonyms?
In both cases, the sender has to listen to the receiver, even in authoritarian regimes the leader must listen to its people in order to maintain legitimacy.
