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AP Statistics > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The science and art of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data

A

Statistics

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2
Q

An object described in a set of data. Individuals can be people, animals, or things

A

Individual

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3
Q

An attribute that can take different values for different individuals

A

Variable

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4
Q

Assigns labels that place each individual into a particular group, called a category

A

Categorical Variable

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5
Q

Takes number values that are quantities - counts or measurements

A

Quantitative Variable

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6
Q

A quantitative variable that takes a fixed set of possible values with gaps in between them

A

Discrete Variable

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7
Q

A quantitative variable that can take any value in an interval on the number line

A

Continuous Variable

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8
Q

Tells us what values a variable takes and how often it takes those values

A

Distribution

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9
Q

Shows the number of individuals having each value

A

Frequency Table

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10
Q

Shows the proportion or percent of individuals having each value

A

Relative Frequency Table

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11
Q

Shows each category as a bar. The heights of the bars show the category frequencies or relative frequencies

A

Bar Graph

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12
Q

Shows each category as a slice of the “pie.” The areas of the slices are proportional to the category or relative frequencies

A

Pie Chart

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13
Q

A table of counts that summarizes data on the relationship between two categorical variables for some groups of individuals

A

Two-Way Table

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14
Q

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable

A

Marginal Relative Frequency

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15
Q

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable and a specific value for another categorical variable

A

Joint Relative Frequency

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16
Q

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable among individuals who share the same value of another categorical variable (the condition)

A

Conditional Relative Frequency

17
Q

Displays the distribution of a categorical variable for each value of another categorical variable. The bars are grouped together based on the values of one of the categorical variables and placed side-by-side

A

Side-by-side Bar Graph

18
Q

Displays the distribution of a categorical variable as segments of a rectangle, with the area of each segment proportional to the percent of individuals in the corresponding category

A

Segmented Bar Graph

19
Q

A modified segmented bar graph in which the width of each rectangle is proportional to the number of individuals in the corresponding category

A

Mosaic Plot

20
Q

Happens between two variables when knowing the value of one variable helps us predict the value of the other

A

Association

21
Q

Shows each data value as a dot above its location on a number line

A

Dotplot

22
Q

If the right side of the graph is approximately a mirror image to the left side

A

Symmetric

23
Q

If the right side of the graph is much longer than the left side

A

Skewed to the Right

24
Q

If the left side of the graph is much longer than the right side

A

Skewed to the Left

25
Q

Shows each value separated into two parts: a stem, which consists of all but the final digit, and a leaf, the final digit. The stems are ordered from lowest to highest and arranged in a vertical column. The leaves are arranged in increasing order out from the appropriate stems

A

Stemplot

26
Q

Shows each interval of values as a bar. The heights of the bars show the frequencies or relative frequencies of values in each interval

A

Histogram

27
Q

A number that describes some characteristic of a sample

A

Statistic

28
Q

A number that describes some characteristic of a population

A

Proportion

29
Q

A statistical measure that isn’t sensitive to extreme values

A

Resistant

30
Q

The midpoint of a distribution, the number such that about half the observations are smaller and about half are larger

A

Median

31
Q

The distance between the minimum value and the maximum value

A

Range

32
Q

Measures the typical distance of the values in a distribution from the mean

A

Standard Deviation

33
Q

Average squared deviation

A

Variance

34
Q

Divide the ordered data set into four groups having roughly the same number of values. To find the quartiles, arrange the data values from smallest to largest and find the median

A

Quartiles

35
Q

The median of the data values that are to the left of the median in the ordered list

A

First Quartile

36
Q

The median of the data values that are to the right of the median in the ordered list

A

Third Quartile

37
Q

The distance between the first and third quartiles of a distribution

A

Interquartile Range

38
Q

Consists of the minimum, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum

A

Five-number Summary

39
Q

A visual representation of the five-number summary

A

Boxplot

AP Statistics (9 decks)

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