Unit 1

Question 1

The science and art of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

An object described in a set of data. Individuals can be people, animals, or things

Answer 2

Individual

Question 3

An attribute that can take different values for different individuals

Answer 3

Variable

Question 4

Assigns labels that place each individual into a particular group, called a category

Answer 4

Categorical Variable

Question 5

Takes number values that are quantities - counts or measurements

Answer 5

Quantitative Variable

Question 6

A quantitative variable that takes a fixed set of possible values with gaps in between them

Answer 6

Discrete Variable

Question 7

A quantitative variable that can take any value in an interval on the number line

Answer 7

Continuous Variable

Question 8

Tells us what values a variable takes and how often it takes those values

Answer 8

Distribution

Question 9

Shows the number of individuals having each value

Answer 9

Frequency Table

Question 10

Shows the proportion or percent of individuals having each value

Answer 10

Relative Frequency Table

Question 11

Shows each category as a bar. The heights of the bars show the category frequencies or relative frequencies

Answer 11

Bar Graph

Question 12

Shows each category as a slice of the “pie.” The areas of the slices are proportional to the category or relative frequencies

Answer 12

Pie Chart

Question 13

A table of counts that summarizes data on the relationship between two categorical variables for some groups of individuals

Answer 13

Two-Way Table

Question 14

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable

Answer 14

Marginal Relative Frequency

Question 15

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable and a specific value for another categorical variable

Answer 15

Joint Relative Frequency

Question 16

Gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one categorical variable among individuals who share the same value of another categorical variable (the condition)

Answer 16

Conditional Relative Frequency

Question 17

Displays the distribution of a categorical variable for each value of another categorical variable. The bars are grouped together based on the values of one of the categorical variables and placed side-by-side

Answer 17

Side-by-side Bar Graph

Question 18

Displays the distribution of a categorical variable as segments of a rectangle, with the area of each segment proportional to the percent of individuals in the corresponding category

Answer 18

Segmented Bar Graph

Question 19

A modified segmented bar graph in which the width of each rectangle is proportional to the number of individuals in the corresponding category

Answer 19

Mosaic Plot

Question 20

Happens between two variables when knowing the value of one variable helps us predict the value of the other

Answer 20

Association

Question 21

Shows each data value as a dot above its location on a number line

Answer 21

Dotplot

Question 22

If the right side of the graph is approximately a mirror image to the left side

Answer 22

Symmetric

Question 23

If the right side of the graph is much longer than the left side

Answer 23

Skewed to the Right

Question 24

If the left side of the graph is much longer than the right side

Answer 24

Skewed to the Left

Question 25

Shows each value separated into two parts: a stem, which consists of all but the final digit, and a leaf, the final digit. The stems are ordered from lowest to highest and arranged in a vertical column. The leaves are arranged in increasing order out from the appropriate stems

Answer 25

Stemplot

Question 26

Shows each interval of values as a bar. The heights of the bars show the frequencies or relative frequencies of values in each interval

Answer 26

Histogram

Question 27

A number that describes some characteristic of a sample

Answer 27

Statistic

Question 28

A number that describes some characteristic of a population

Answer 28

Proportion

Question 29

A statistical measure that isn't sensitive to extreme values

Answer 29

Resistant

Question 30

The midpoint of a distribution, the number such that about half the observations are smaller and about half are larger

Answer 30

Median

Question 31

The distance between the minimum value and the maximum value

Answer 31

Range

Question 32

Measures the typical distance of the values in a distribution from the mean

Answer 32

Standard Deviation

Question 33

Average squared deviation

Answer 33

Variance

Question 34

Divide the ordered data set into four groups having roughly the same number of values. To find the quartiles, arrange the data values from smallest to largest and find the median

Answer 34

Quartiles

Question 35

The median of the data values that are to the left of the median in the ordered list

Answer 35

First Quartile

Question 36

The median of the data values that are to the right of the median in the ordered list

Answer 36

Third Quartile

Question 37

The distance between the first and third quartiles of a distribution

Answer 37

Interquartile Range

Question 38

Consists of the minimum, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum

Answer 38

Five-number Summary

Question 39

A visual representation of the five-number summary

Answer 39

Boxplot