Underwater Weapons Final

Question 1

Define torpedo and mine

Answer 1

Torpedo - powered

Mine - unpowered

Question 2

Label forces on a torpedo (gravity, pressure, buoyancy)

Answer 2

Pic

Question 3

Magnetism

Answer 3

Reduce signautre:
Degauss: create artificial field to counter intrinsic field
Deperm: decrease intrinsic permanent field

Question 4

Degaussing range

Answer 4

Measure magnetic field of ship to calibrate degaussing system to match and counteract

Question 5

Meshed defence single ship

Answer 5

Recreate diagram, label, describe

Question 6

Meshed defence task group

Answer 6

Recreate diagram, label, describe

Question 7

Detect to engage underwater

Answer 7

Detect: sonar, visual, magnetic anomaly

Localize: active/MAD gives bearing and range
Passive: bearing only (sonobuoys)
CANTASS, can’t tell which side of the array detection is on. Put another sensor in or turn CANTASS
Target motion analysis: measure passively, gives idea how target is moving?

Classification: frequency analysis by sonar systems, classify type of target

Track: use HMS/sonobuoys

Engage: start when torpedo is fired, ends when last torpedo explodes/runs out of fuel

Question 8

Mechanics of UW explosion (bubble jet effect)

Answer 8

UW explosion causes expanding bubble of air and a shock wave. Shock wave travels, lifting ship. As ship goes into air, bubble collapses. No support under ship causes ship to fall back into water. Jet fills air gap as bubble collapses and damages target.

Question 9

Shaking effect

Answer 9

Explosion near a vessel, shock waves cause vessel to shake violently

Question 10

Contact explosion

Answer 10

Smaller charge than for shaking/bubble jet.

Primary- hole blown in side of ship

Secondary- other stuff indirectly damaging ship (ex. Gas turbine knocked off and hot air damage)

Question 11

Torpedo types

Answer 11

Light and heavy

Lightweight: defensive, engage submarines

Heavyweight: larger, faster, can explode nearby to damage vessel

Question 12

Torpedo settings

Answer 12

Run out/no run-out

Run out: used by surface platforms (cobra)

No run out: effective for something underneath/close to target (blood hound)

Question 13

Torpedo design sections

Answer 13

Nose- transducer / guidance computer

Warhead

Center - Control and fuel, battery

Afterbody - propulsion/thrust

Question 14

Torpedo guidance types

Answer 14

Homing (active/passive)

Wire-guided

Straight running

Question 15

Propulsion

Answer 15

Propellant types: chemical, electrical, mono propellant

Engine: electric motor, combustion

Propulser: propellers and water jets

Question 16

Launchers

Answer 16

Ships - fixed and ASROC

Submarines - swim out

Aircraft - banded (harness and parachute)

Question 17

Warhead

Answer 17

Warheads are generally some form of aluminum explosive

Question 18

3 ways mine can be deployed

Answer 18

Defensively (ships)

Offensively (planes/subs)

Psychologically

Question 19

Types of mines

Answer 19

Drift

Moored

Bottom

Question 20

Components of mine

Answer 20

Casing, warhead, fusing mechanism

Question 21

Fixing types

Answer 21

Contact - horns bumped/broken, acid release into battery to activate it

Influence - magnetic, acoustic

Remote - programmed

Question 22

Mine warfare

Answer 22

Mine laying

Mine countermeasures - passive (decrease signature) and active (sweeping - tow cables to cause mines to detonate or use cables to try to cut them and bring to surface ,hunting- detect mines I.e dolphins then detonate it and running - run through mines with ship to try to activate)

Question 23

Main tests for torpedo system

Answer 23

Air shots - no torpedo

Practice firing -

Exercise firing

Question 24

Weapon key policy

Answer 24

Firing key

Non-firing key

Maintenance key