Understanding Memory Flashcards
Encoding
The process of putting information into a form that will allow it to fit with your personal storage system.
Storage
Maintaining encoded information in a memory store.
Retrieval
The process of getting information back from long-term memory use in working memory.
Multi-Store Model of Memory
A model that suggests that memory is comprised of three memory stores: a sensory store, a short-term store and a long-term memory store.
Sensory memory
A store for incoing, fleeting sensory information.
Iconic Memory
A sensory register for the fleeting storage of visual information, it lasts about 0.3 seconds and explains why we can see a moving picture from a series of still photos.
Echoic Memory
Auditory memory in the sensory memory register.
Short-Term Memory
A store that receives information from the long-term and sensory stores; with a limited capacity of 5-9 pieces of information, and a duration of approximately 12-20 seconds.
Maintenance Rehearsal
A strategy or keeping information in short-term memory or for moving it into long-term memory by simply repeating information over and over.
Long-Term Memory
The information is encoded and stored, as as long as you know enough about the information, the information can be retrieved.
Semantic Networks
The idea that items in long-term memory are stored in a hierarchical pattern of Nodes with links between related nodes.
Retrieval Cues
Mental reminders or prompts that we create to assist our recollection later on.
Procedural Memory
One aspect of implicit memory; memory for how to perform particular tasks, skills or actions.
Declarative Memory
A long-term memory store of personal experiences (episodic) and facts (semantic).
Implicit Memory
Memories of skills, emotions, preferences and dispositions; also called procedural or non-declarative memories; processed in the amygdala and possibly the cerebellum.
Semantic Memory
Memory for facts or general knowledge.
Episodic Memory
Long-term memories of episodes or experiences in your life.
Explicit Memory
Memories or facts, names, images and events; also called declarative memories.
Working Memory
he mental work that is occurring at any given time, including retrieving information, problem-solving, and comprehending sounds and visions; draws on information from sensory and long-term memories.
Phonological Loop
A storage system for auditory information in working memory.
Visuospatial Sketchpad
The storage system for visual information in working memory.
Central Executive
The functional component of working memory that is responsible for switching attention from task to task, deciding what material is to be retrieved from or committed to long-term memory and for performing calculations linkages.
Episodic Buffer
A theoretical component of working memory that acts as both a bridge and filter (for auditory and visual information) between long-term memory and the central executive and storage and storage components in working memory.
Levels of processing Model of Memory
A model of memory that suggests that memory comprises a continuous dimension in which memory is encoded related to the ease with which it can be retrieved: the deeper the processing of information, the greater chance of it being retrieved.
