Influences on Visual Perception

Question 1

Achromatopsia

Answer 1

A lack of cone vision that causes people to see only black, white and grey.

Question 2

Presbyopia

Answer 2

A condition that develops as the lens loses elasticity and causes difficulties in focusing on objects that are close.

Question 3

Floaters

Answer 3

Clumps of matter that appear as small specks or spots in central vision.

Question 4

Cataracts

Answer 4

Cloudy spots in the lens that cause vision to become blurred when proteins in the lens break down.

Question 5

Cataracts

Answer 5

Cloudy spots in the lens that cause vision to become blurred when proteins in the lens break down.

Question 6

Glaucoma

Answer 6

A disease affecting the optic nerve that interferes with the transmission of peripheral visual information to the brain.

Question 7

Age-Related Macular Deterioration

Answer 7

A build-up of grainy deposits in the centre of the retina causing deterioration of the central vision.

Question 8

Inherited Visual Disorders

Answer 8

Visual disorders that are passed down from parents to children due to genetic factors.

Question 9

Congenital Visual Disorders

Answer 9

Visual disorder present at birth.

Question 10

Colour Vision Deficiency

Answer 10

A genetically inherited disorder affecting how people perceive colour.

Question 11

Retinis Pigmentosa

Answer 11

A genetic degenerative disease affecting the retina.

Question 12

Perceptual Set

Answer 12

A predisposition to attend to certain aspects of the visual scene, or to interpret stimuli in a particular way, according to certain preconceptions.

Question 13

Preconceptual Constancies

Answer 13

The tendency to maintain a stable perception of a stimulus, although the properties of the image on the retina may change.

Question 14

Size Constancy

Answer 14

The constant perception of an object’s size, even though the size of the image is on the retina alters as the object moves nearer to or further from us.

Question 15

Shape Constancy

Answer 15

AN object is perceived to maintain its known shape despite the changing perspective from which it is observed.

Question 16

Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception

Answer 16

Used to organise and interpret perceptual stimuli; including figure-ground organisation, closure, similarity and proximity.

Question 17

Figure-Ground Organisation

Answer 17

A Gestalt Principle of perceptual organisation wherein images are organised into the central object of attention (figure) and a background (ground).

Question 18

Camouflage

Answer 18

Where the Gestalt Principle of figure-ground is used to ‘blend’ the contour of the figure (which usually stands out) against the ground (background), making to more difficult to see.

Question 19

Closure

Answer 19

When an object is perceived as being whole despite actually being incomplete.

Question 20

Similarity

Answer 20

The principle that elements that are similar in appearance tend to be seen as a unit.

Question 21

Depth Perception

Answer 21

The ability to accurately judge three-dimensional space and distance, using cues in the environment.

Question 22

Proximity

Answer 22

The individual parts of a stimulus pattern are close together, allowing those parts to be perceived visually as a whole.

Question 23

Binocular Depth Cues

Answer 23

Depth cues that use both eyes to gauge distance and space.

Question 24

Monocular Depth Cues

Answer 24

Depth cues that use one eye independently or both eyes together to gauge distance and space.

Question 25

Retinal Disparity

Answer 25

The binocular depth cue that arises as the brain compares and contrasts the two slightly different images obtained because if the distance between the two eyes.

Question 26

Convergence

Answer 26

A binocular cue for depth perception; the automatic turning of the yes nwards as we are watching an object approaching.

Question 27

Accomodation

Answer 27

The process by which the ciliary muscles of the eye change the curvature of the lens to focus an image on the retina.

Question 28

Pictorial Depth Cues

Answer 28

A monocular depth cue used by an artist to create a three-dimensional perception of something that exists on two-dimensional surface.

Question 29

Linear Perspective

Answer 29

A monocular depth cue that parallel lines appear to converge as they retreat into the distance.

Question 30

Interposition

Answer 30

A monocular depth cue, in which objects further from the observer are partially obscured by those in the foreground.

Question 31

Texture Gradient

Answer 31

A monocular depth cue in which texture in the foreground is seen in finer detail than further away.

Question 32

Relative Size

Answer 32

A monocular depth cue based on our tendency to perceive the object producing the largest image being the nearest, and the object producing the smallest retinal image as being the farthest.

Question 33

Height in Visual Field

Answer 33

A monocular depth cue that shows depth by portraying objects further away as being closer to the horizon.