Under population/ Population Change Flashcards
Why is there Under population in australia?
most of australia is deserts, It is not an easy country to get to (Isolation), poor infrastructure, Water shortages, Low fertility rate
What percentage of land is unfarmable?
44%
What would happen if more people came to australia?
The cities would spread and there would be a greater need for farmable land causing deforistation
food
what is an argument for people migrating into australia?
The sum of Australia’s food exports are sufficent to feed more than 62 million people.
Causes of underpopulation in Australia?
1.Women - 1st child later due to careers ( almost 29 years) .Low fertility – 1.74
2. Australia GDP per capita of $49,854, don’t need children to work & support.
Raising a child is expensive.
3. A large part of the country is covered in deserts,which isn’t an attractive place to live. It is difficult to farm and access water.
Large parts of the country are not well connected.
Problems of underpopulation in Australia?
1.Workforce = right time to welcome more immigrants – aging workforce and skills shortages in health care & engineering.
2.Resources – has a wide range, but short of miners. Could boost economy and support aging population.
3.Defence – has good military, but vulnerable against China. Could employ more in army if bigger pop.
What is Natural Population Change?
This is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate
What is Net migration?
the difference between the number of immigrants and emmigrants per 1000 per year
What is Overall Population Change
This is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. plus adding or subbtracting the net migration
What is Birth rate?
The number or births per 1000 of the population per year
What is Death rate?
The number or deaths per 1000 of the population per year
What is Dependancy ratio?
a relationship between the number of people of working age (15-64) and young dependants (0-14) and old dependants (65+) who depend on them for e.g benifits, pensions…
What is High youth dependency?
Large number of 0-14yrs compared to those of working age 15-64yrs
What does a wide base mean and what is the answer for nigeria?
High fertility rate, Nigeria’s fertility rate is 4.67
What is the life expectancy in nigeria in 2019?
54 yrs
What is fuelling population growth?
Polygamy, high birth rate, lack of family planning, culture, religion
what is the average family size in nigeria?
5.6 people
What are the governement concerned about in Nigeria?
The growing population’s affect on economic growth
How can we fix Nigeria’s economic problems?
provide education needs for kids if school age, create jobs for the expanding workforce, provide basic infrastructure and services
Population Structure?
0-14yrs = 42%
65+yrs = 3.3%
Growth rate = 2.53%
Dependency rate = 86 ( 80 are elderly)
Evaluating Nigeria’s population policy?
- 1988 it adopted its first population strategy - cut fertility rates from 6 to 4 & establish an optimum age of 18 for women and 24 for men. Nothing has been achieved - lack of political will, government financing, the availability/affordability of services, as well as the cultural preference for large families.
- Other reasons for failure are poverty and under investment in education and health care. Children economic assets.
- Needs to improve education, create more jobs & improve infrastructure, which would attract big companies.
