Uncontrollable Injury Factors Flashcards
Name 5 Body-Biomechanical (intrinsic) risk factors.
- Body size
- Body shape
- Age
- Gender
- MSk deformities
Name 5 intrinsic risk factors that could be modified.
- Coordination
- Incorrect body weight
- Poor posture
- Lack of joint mobility
- Lack or imbalance of muscle strength
When does the average adults bone mass peak?
20-40 y/o
What % does bone decline per decade?
- 5-9% for tensile stress
- 12% for energy absorption to failure
After 30, what shift occurs between tendon and bone
Tendons become less resistant to tension than bone
What are the annual changes in bone mass after 35-40?
- Men: 0.5-1%
- Women: 1-2%
- Compressive changes
From young adulthood > 65, how does ultimate tensile strength change in the ACL?
60% decrease
How much can exercise limit the effect of aging on ACL?
50%
Which fibre type decreases quicker in aging?
Type II (fast twitch))
What happens to ligaments with immobilisation?
- Decrease in strength and energy absorption before failure
- Increase in joint stiffness and injury susceptibility
What happens to bone with age?
Atrophy through loss of equal proportions of matrix + mineral
How much more likely is an ACL tear in women when compared with men?
4x
Who is better @ marathons pacing and why?
- Women
- Less likely to drop out
- Less likely to slow
Name 4 common biomechanical abnormalities
- Leg length discrepancy
- Genu varum
- Genu valgum
- Position of muscle attachments
Describe Trendelenberg gait
- Caused my weak hip abductors
- Hip swings outwards in stance phase
- Prevents foot from touching ground
What injury does hockey posture increase the risk of?
- Patellar dislocations
- ACL tears
What do elite race walkers commonly suffer from?
- Abducted knees
- Curved tibias
- Scoliotic bends
What do these terms describe:
- Pes planus
- Pes cavus
- Flat feet
- High arch
How does pes planus alter foot biomechanics, and what injuries can it lead to?
- Internal tibial torsion
- Internal femoral rotation
- ITBS
- PFPS
- SIJ dysfunction
- Tarsal stress fractures
How does pes cavus alter foot biomechanics, and what injuries can it lead to?
- External tibial torsion
- External femoral rotation
- LCL injury
- Metatarsal stress fractures
- Peroneal tendinitis
- Plantar fasciitis
