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Anesthesia Equipment > Ultrasound > Flashcards

Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

Depth knob for ultrasound

A

As deep as needed for area of interest- if you are looking for vessels don’t want depth to go to bone

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2
Q

Gain knob for ultrasound

A

Amplification of the returning echoes.. should not generally need to change this a lot (makes images brighter or darker)

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3
Q

Time Gain Compensation knob for ultrasound

A

Changes amplification based on return time of echoes and compensates for attenuation of the ultrasound as it passes through tissue

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4
Q

Auto-optimize knob for ultrasound

A

Automatic control that adjusts gain

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5
Q

Focus knob for ultrasound

A

If entire image is important you- put it at the bottom, put focus at area of interest

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6
Q

Frequency knob for ultrasound

A

Highest possible that allows for penetration-high frequency has better resolution but less penetration, low frequency has less resolution but higher penetration

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7
Q

Freeze button for ultrasound

A

Freezes the image for a limited about of time

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8
Q

Store Image button for ultrasound

A

Patient data must be on image and then is stored to the hard drive on the machine and then moved to long term storage

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9
Q

Doppler shift defined

A

Change in reflected frequency compared to frequency sent out when there is motion between source & reflector

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10
Q

What will you see with vessels & doppler shift

A

If blood is moving TOWARD transducer- instrument displays red and is considered positive shift, blood moving away it’s considered negative shift and displays blue regardless of arterial or venous– this is due to frequency- toward moves at higher frequency (more waves/second)

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11
Q

Rules about doppler imaging

A

Must angle beam to be more parallel to the vessel (not 90 degrees), turn gain up & scale down if you can’t identify flow, identify which vessel is vein & artery

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12
Q

Transverse plane of scanning

A

Whatever probe is closest to will see that at top of screen- it’s a slice cutting in half the top from the bottom– considered off axis

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13
Q

Longitudinal plane of scanning

A

Divide body into section- long axis

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14
Q

Indicator on transducer

A

The little knob, groove or colored dot on the probe

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15
Q

Indicator & screen orientation

A

SHOULD be on left side of the screen

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16
Q

Will lateral/medial or superior/inferior show up with off axis

A

This is transverse- it will be lateral and medial

17
Q

Will lateral/medial or superior/inferior show up with on axis

A

This is longitudinal- it will be superior and inferior

18
Q

In axis, in plane

A

Longitudinal of anatomy, needle will be in plane of view

19
Q

Off axis off plane

A

Transverse of anatomy, needle will be out of plane but will see little dot on screen maybe

20
Q

Off axis in plane

A

Most popular for regional, will see transverse of anatomy but needle will be in plane

21
Q

Indicator & needle

A

Should have needle entering on side of indicator so it comes in on left side of the screen

22
Q

Echogenic

A

Has echoes- white

23
Q

Anechoic

A

Without echoes, black

24
Q

Hyperechoic

A

Having more echoes when compared to adjacent structure

25
Q

Hypoechoic

A

Having less echoes when compared to adjacent structure

26
Q

Isoechoic

A

Same echoes when compared to adjacent structure

27
Q

What color does fluid appear to be?

A

Anechoic

28
Q

Acoustic shadow

A

When structures deep to an object are missing, due to high attenuation of US by dense structures

29
Q

Pulse-echo technique

A

US sent into body, it reflects off structures and returns to the transducer. Each pulse produces one line of information

30
Q

With pulsed ultrasound what does the instrument assume

A

US went straight through body, reflected off different structures, reflections traveled straight back to transducer and that this path only happened once

31
Q

Reflections in ultrasound

A

Occur when there is a change in impedance of the medium, there are specular and non-specular

32
Q

Specular Reflections

A

From smooth surfaces- diaphragm, vessel walls, nerves- should image them perpendicular

33
Q

Reverberation

A

US beam makes the path more than once, extra echoes on the image that do not represent true anatomy

Anesthesia Equipment (18 decks)

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