Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's disease: IBD Flashcards
What is ulcerative colitis?
Ulcerative inflammatory bowel diease
Where is ulcerative colitis?
Just enlarge intestine
What is crohn’s disease also called?
Regional enteritis
What is Crohn’s?
Inflammation and erosion of the ileum (small intestines)
Where can Crohn’s be found?
Anywhere in small or large intestines
What are S/S of IBD?
- Diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding
- Vomiting
- Weight loss
- Cramping
- Dehydration
- Blood in stools
- Anemia
- Rebound tenderness
- Fever
What is rebound tenderness?
push in and let go and it hurts the client
What does rebound tenderness mean?
Peritoneal inflammation
How do you diagnose IBD?
- CT or MRI
- Colonoscopy is most common
- Barium enema
What should you watch for post colonoscopy?
Perforation
What are signs of perforation?
Pain or unusual discomfort
How do you treat IBD?
- Diet
- Meds
- Surgery
What kind of diet should people with IBD have?
- Low residue (limit GI motility)
- Avoid cold foods and smoking (increase motility)
What types of meds are used?
- Antibiotics
- Steroids
- Biologics and immunomodulators
- Aminosalicylates (decrease inflammation)
What types of surgery are done for ulcerative colitis?
- Total colectomy (proctocolectomy)
- Kock’s ileostomy or an Ideal Pouch Anal Anastamosis (IPAA)
What is formed with a total colectomy?
an ileostomy
With a rock’s ileostomy or a IPAA is there an external bag?
No
What type of pouch has a nipple valve that opens and closes to empty the intestines?
Kock’s pouch
What procedure removes the colon and attaches the ileum to the rectum? (most popular)
IPAA procedure
Do they try not to do surgery with Crohn’s?
Yes
If surgery for Crohn’s was is removed?
Only affected area
With surgery for Crohn’s the client may end up with what?
Ileostomy or colostomy (depends on area affected)
What is an stony in the ileum called?
Ileostomy
What is a stony in the colon called?
Colostomy
Will an ileostomy drain liquid all the time?
Yes
Do you have to irrigate ileostomies?
No
Should you avoid foods that are hard to digest and rough foods with ileostomies? If yes, why?
Yes they increase motility
Should you drink gatorade or something similar in the summer if you have a ileostomy?
yes
Are you at risk for kidneys stones with a ileostomy? Why?
Yes (always a little dehydrated)
What happens as waste moves through the colon?
Water and nutrients are being absorbed and the stool is formed
What types of stool will a colostomy in the ascending and transverse colon produce?
Liquid stools
What type of stools will a colostomy in the descending or sigmoid colon produce?
Semi-formed or formed
Which colostomies do you irrigate?
Descending and sigmoid
Why irrigate descending and sigmoid colostomies?
For regularity
When is the best time to irrigate a colostomy?
Same time everyday and after a meal
The further down the colon the stoma is, the more formed the stool will be. why?
Because water is being drawn out, the stool is more normal
When irrigating an stony should you use the same principles as if administrating an enema?
Yes
Anytime you give an enema, the the client starts to cramp, what should you do?
Stop the fluid, lower the bag and/or check the temperature of the fluid
