Ulcerative colitis Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

A

inflammatory bowel disease which is characterised by continuous inflammation of the rectum

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2
Q

Histology

A
  • No granulomas
  • Crypt accesses
  • Submucosal inflammation
  • Depletion of goblet cells
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3
Q

Causes (primary/secondary)

A

primary:
-autoimmune disease: T-cell depletion

Secondary:

  • stress
  • diet
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4
Q

Risk factors

A
  • Women
  • hereditary
  • caucasian
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5
Q

Symptoms

A
  • Lower left quadrant abdominal pain
  • Diarrohea: blood in stool for 6 days
  • Blood in stool
  • weight loss
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6
Q

Treatment

A
  • steroids
  • immunosuppressants
  • biologics
  • surgery
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7
Q

What can Investigations reveal

A

Imaging can reveal the presence of ulcers and psudopolyps

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8
Q

Hereditary risk

A

HLA gene

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9
Q

Severe UC- SIGNS

A

6 or more bloody stools a day and

  • fever
  • tachycardia
  • Raised CRP or ESR
  • Anaemia
  • low albumin
  • leucocytosis or thrombocytosis
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10
Q

what are leucocytosis and thrombocytosis

A

leuco: increased WBC
Thrombo: increased platelets

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