UK in 21st century Flashcards
what problems can high population density cause
shortage of available housing
shortage of houses can drive up prices
may be pressure on services such as schools
describe the population density of the uk
highest in cities such as london
mountainous region such as wales have low population density
what is the rainfall like in the uk
north and west generally have high rainfall
south and east have lower rainfall
rainfall tends to be higher on coastland
how is land used in the uk
around 70% is agricultural land
less than 10% of area is built on
forest covers about 13% of land
how has the population changed from 2001 to 2015
from 59 million to 65 million
what is a demographic transition model
shows how a countries population is likely to change as it develops based on birth rates and death rates
describe how the demographic transition model looks
stage 1 - birth and death rate are high and population is low
as the country develops, healthcare improves so death rate falls and population grows
better education and increased access to contraception means birth rate falls
population slows down
what stages of the DTM have the uk been through
1-3
what are the birth rates and death rates of the uk like now
birth rate is now 12 births per 1000 people
death rate is 9 deaths per 1000 people
how is has the uks population growth happened
half of it responsible from natural increase
half responsible by migration
what do immigrants make up
around 13% of population but around 27% of babies born
how has the population of london changed from 2001 to 2015
from 7.2 million to 8.5 million
grown the most out of all uk cities
what % of uk population is over 65
18%
why is the proportion of old people increasing
birth rates are low as couples are having less children
people are living longer due to medical care and better lifestyle
what are social effects of an ageing population
healthcare services under pressure
many retired people do voluntary work which helps the community
what are some economic effects of an ageing population
taxes for working people rise to pay for healthcare and services such as pensions
older people pay less tax which contributes less to economy
older people have disposable income which can boost economy
how is the government responding to an ageing population
may need to increase tax or cut spending else where to fund more healthcare
raising the age at which people can claim pension
people work longer
