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Geography > Distinctive Landscapes > Flashcards

Distinctive Landscapes Flashcards

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1
Q

What give landscapes characteristics

A

Geology climate and land uses

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2
Q

Give 3 features of an upland landscape

A

Gradient is steep
Cooler and wetter
Made of harder rocks

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3
Q

Give 3 features of lowland areas

A

Formed from softer rocks
Flatter
Warmer and drier

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4
Q

What is mechanical weathering

A

The breakdown of rock without changing chemical composition

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5
Q

What is biological weathering

A

Breakdown of rock by changing its chemical composition

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6
Q

What is mass movement

A

The shifting of rocks and loose material down a slope

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7
Q

What does mass movement cause

A

Coasts to retreat rapidly

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8
Q

What is hydraulic action

A

Waves crashing against rocks and compress air in the cracks

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9
Q

What is abrasion

A

Eroded particles in the water scrape against rock walls removing small pieces

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10
Q

What is attrition

A

Eroded particles smash into each other and break into smaller pieces

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11
Q

What is solution

A

Dissolved carbon dioxide makes the water slightly acidic dissolving the rocks

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12
Q

What is traction

A

Large particles are pushed along the river bed by force of water

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13
Q

What is a tribuartry

A

A smaller river that joins a main river

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14
Q

How are water falls formed

A

Where a river flows over hard rock followed by softer rock which it then erodes creating a step. The water erodes the step more and more until it creates a steep drop.

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15
Q

What is a plunge pool

A

Area which a water fall falls into

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16
Q

How are meanders formed

A

The current is faster on the outside of the bende as it’s deeper so more erosion takes place forming river cliffs.

17
Q

In a meander how does the water erode

A

Outside of bend-erosion
Inside of bend-deposition

18
Q

How is an oxbow lake created

A

Erosion causes the outside bends to get closer
Until there is only a small bit of land between the bends (neck)
The river breaks through this land from a flood
Deposition eventually cuts of the meander

19
Q

What is a levee

A

Natural embankments along the edges of river channels

20
Q

How are people managing rivers

A

Planting trees
Reservoirs
Channel management

Geography (17 decks)

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