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Burnley politics 2 > UK Government - The Constitution > Flashcards

UK Government - The Constitution Flashcards

1
Q

Constitution…

A

Principles and precedents by which a country is run.

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2
Q

Codified Constitution…

A

A constitution which is written down in one document.

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3
Q

Uncodified Constitution…

A

A constitution which is not contained in single document.

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4
Q

Separation of Powers…

A

The division of a states government into branches.

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5
Q

Checks and balances…

A

The theory that each branch of government is able to check the power of the other two branches.

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6
Q

An example of a codified constitution….

A

The USA

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7
Q

Codified constitutions are…

A

Authoritative
Entrenched
Judicable

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8
Q

Entrenched…

A

The constitution is difficult to change

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9
Q

Authoritative…

A

The constitution is the higher law and binds all political institutions

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10
Q

judicable…

A

The judiciary can declare if a law or action is constitutional or not.

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11
Q

The 3 branches of government are…

A

Executive
Legislature
Judiciary

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12
Q

Not authoritative….

A

Constitutional laws have the same status as normal laws

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13
Q

Not entrenched…

A

The constitution can be enacted by the normal process of enacting law

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14
Q

Not judiciable

A

Judges do not have a legal standard by which to declare things constitutional or not

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15
Q

Example of uncodified constitution…

A

United Kingdom

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16
Q

Sources of UK constitution…

A

Statute law
Works of authority
European Union law?
Treaties
Common law
Conventions

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17
Q

Statute…

A

A written law passed by a legislative body

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18
Q

Statute Law…

A

The principles and rules of law laid down in statutes.

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19
Q

Common Law

A

Law that is derived from judicial precedent and custom

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20
Q

Primary legislation…

A

The main laws passed by a legislative body of the UK - inc parliament

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21
Q

Secondary legislation…

A

Laws created by ministers using powers given to them by an act of parliament (primary legislation)

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22
Q

The SNP became more popular in the 60s and 70s thanks to the…

A

‘It’s Scotland’s Oil’ campaign

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23
Q

The 1978 Scotland act was to create a Scottish assembly, but required…

A

A post-legislative referendum that needed approval be by 40% of the total registered Scottish electorate.

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24
Q

In the referendum 51.6% voted in favour, but…

A

the turnout was only 32.9% of the total registered electorate

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25
Q

Labour committed to a pre-legislative referendum which took place in….

A

September 1997

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26
Q

The 1997 Scottish referendum had two questions…

A
  1. Should there be a Scottish parliament?
  2. Should it have tax raising powers?
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27
Q

The percentage in favour of both questions in the 1997 Scottish referendum were…

A

Question 1: 74%
Question 2: 63%

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28
Q

Following the 1997 Scottish referendum Labour introduced…

A

The 1998 Scotland Act

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29
Q

Following the 1998 Scotland Act…

A

Scotland had tax varying powers
Scotland could legislate on all non reserved matters

30
Q

In the Scottish parliament…

A

The executive is drawn from the legislature.
The First Minister is drawn from the executive

31
Q

Some Scottish reserved powers are…

A

The constitution, foreign affairs, civil service, defence, immigration, treason. benefits

32
Q

‘The West Lothian Question’ is

A

Should Scottish, NI and Welsh Westminster MPs be allowed to vote on English matters only.

33
Q

The MP who raised The West

A

Tam Dalyell

34
Q

Consociational

A

A political system formed by different social groups on the basis of shared power

35
Q

The agreement that set up both the Northern Irish Assembly and Executive

A

The Good Friday Agreement

36
Q

The NI Assembly is…

A

Unicameral and has 90 members elected by STV

37
Q

The NI Assembly has…

A

18 constituencies that elect 5 members each

38
Q

Most decisions in the NI Assembly are taken by simple majority vote. Except for…

A

Key areas such as the budget that require cross community support

39
Q

The NI Assembly is responsible for electing…

A

The NI Executive

40
Q

The NI Executive is led by

A

A first and deputy first minister made up of the largest parties of both loyalist and nationalist block

41
Q

Strand 2 of the GFA deals with…

A

issues and institutions created by Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland

42
Q

Strand 3 of the GFA deals with…

A

issues and institutions created by Ireland and Great Britain

43
Q

NI Executive ministers have responsibility for include…

A

agriculture, environment, rural affairs, community, economy, education, finance, health.

44
Q

NI Assembly is weaker than devolved bodies in Wales and Scotland…

A

because it does not have revenue raising powers.

45
Q

Another weakness of the NI assembly is that it has been…

A

Suspended on at least 5 occasions.

46
Q

The growth of Welsh Nationalism in the 60s was a response to

A

The building of the Treweryn dam.

47
Q

The 1979 Welsh referendum resulted in…

A

A heavy defeat for those in favour of devolution (80% voted against)

48
Q

Even though Wales returned a majority of Labour MPs between 1979-1997…

A

Wales were still governed by a Conservative government

49
Q

The Welsh devolution vote of 1997 was…

A

incredibly close with Yes winning by less than 1%

50
Q

At the start the Welsh Assembly had…

A

Powers previously held by the Secretary of State for Wales

51
Q

Since 1997 the Welsh Assembly has…

A

gained more powers

52
Q

The Wales Act 2014 granted…

A

the Assembly taxation and borrowing powers

53
Q

2020 Senedd and Elections Wales Act…

A

Recognised a fully fledged parliament with the official name Senedd Cymru

54
Q

How many members make up the Senedd?

A

60

55
Q

Since it’s creation the leading party in the Senedd is…

A

Labour

56
Q

The Senedd is elected using…

A

AMS

57
Q

Local Authority…

A

An organisation that is responsible for public services and facilities in a given area

58
Q

Borough…

A

A town or district that has an administrative unit.

59
Q

Which government tried to devolve more power to the regions…

A

1997 Labour

60
Q

In 2000 the government established which two institutions in London?

A

London mayor
Greater London Assembly

61
Q

The London Mayor and Assembly share oversight of…

A

areas such as policing, transport and economic devt

62
Q

The London Assembly elects…

A

25 members using AMS

63
Q

The Assembly is elected…

A

every 4 years

64
Q

The role of the Assembly is to…

A

scrutinise the work of the Mayor

65
Q

All mayoral and police and crime commissioner elections take place under which system?

A

FPTP

66
Q

London Mayor responsibilities…

A

Strategic planning inc housing
Planning permission
Transport policy
Fire and emergency planning
Police and crime
Economic devt

67
Q

By 2015 how many more urban area had elected mayors?

A

16 - including Greater Manchester, Bristol, West Midlands

68
Q

One of the problems with elections for Police and Crime Commissioners is…

A

Nobody cares. It is a very low turnout at elections

69
Q

The House of Lords Act 1999 reduced the number of hereditary peers to…

A

92

70
Q

The Constitutional Reform Act (2005)…

A

Reformed the office of Lord Chancellor
Created the Supreme Court
Regulated the appointment of judges

71
Q
A

Burnley politics 2 (21 decks)

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