Uhlik Flashcards

Uhlik chemia pomoc

1
Q

Povedz 3 informacie o diamantoch

A

Atomy uhlika ma prepojene kovalentnou vazbou
Kazdy atom uhlika je prepojeny so 4 dalsimi atomami uhlika
Najtvrdsi prirodny nerast - krehky - nevedie el. prud
Pouziva sa na rezanie a vrtanie, sperkarstvo (briliant = vybruseny diamant)

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2
Q

Povedz 3 informacie o grafite

A

Ma strukturu v sestuholnikoch - vo vodorovnych vrstvach
Kazdy atok uhlika je prepojeny s 3 dalsimi
Makky, pise sa nik - lahko sa tre - vedie el. prud
Ceruzky, ziaruvzdorne materialy

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3
Q

Povedz 3 informacie o fulerene

A

Usporiadany do 5/6 uholnikov
Najznamejsi fuleren - C60
Velka stabilita, najsymetrickejsia molekula v prirode, makky
Vyroba nanorurok (tranzistory), lahke a pevne materialy (casti lietadiel)

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4
Q

Vymenuj 3 dalsie formy uhlika v prirode

A

Koks, sadze, drevne uhlie, aktivne uhlie

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5
Q

Vymenuj 2 informacie o oxide uhlicitom a o oxide uholnatom

A

Oxid uhlicity - sucast vzduchu, sklennikovy efekt

Oxid uholnaty - toxicky - viaze sa na hemoglobin

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6
Q

Vymenuj pouzitie uhlicitanu sodneho, hydrogenuhlicitanu sodneho, uhlicitanu vapenateho, hydrogenuhlicitanu vapenateho

A

Uhlicitan sodny - vyroba mydiel, zmakcovanie vody
Hydrogenuhlicitan sodny - jedla soda, kyp. prasok
Uhlicitan vapenaty - stavebnictvo, vyroba skla
Hydrogenuhlicitan vapenaty - kvaple v jaskyniach

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7
Q

Atomy akych prvkov su viazane v organickych zluceninach

A

Uhlika a vodika - nazyvaju sa uhlovodiky

Ak obsahuju atomy kyslika, dusika, fosforu, siry, halogenov - vtedy sa volaju derivaty uhlovodikov

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8
Q

Povedz charakteristicku vlastnost organickych latok

A

Horlavost

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9
Q

Uhlik v organickych zluceninach je vzdy…

Vodik je vzdy…

A

Uhlik - stvorvazbovy

Vodik - jednovazbovy

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10
Q

Aky je najjednoduchsi uhlovodik

A

Metan - CH4

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11
Q

Do retazcov sa mozu spajat…

A

Atomy uhlika - mozu byt spojene aj chemickou vazbou

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12
Q

Vymenuj retazce

A

1) otvorene - linearne
rozvetvene
2) uzavrene

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13
Q

Vymenuj vazby

A

Jednoducha vazba - alkan
Dvojita vazba - alken
Trojita vazba - alkin

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14
Q

Ake su zdroje uhlovodikov

A

Uhlie, ropa, zemny plyn

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