UGH Psychology Flashcards
Harlow’s attachment theory stated what?
Monkeys go for comfort - they would rather be comforted than fed
Isolation early on in life is good or bad?
Nature or nurture?
BAD - can lead to bad social skills and even death.
NURTURE - The monkeys were not nurtured at an early age, which resulted in bad social skills
For a monkey to develop normally they must ____?
Cling to an object early in life
Children with stronger bonds to their parents are more ___________.
Adventureous
Social psychology is …?
How we think and influence and relate to one another and how we behave in groups
Define conformity
Alteration of behavior due to a group to follow the beliefs of other people
Define compliance
When a person goes along with a group, but their own behaviors and values do not change
Difference between conformity and compliance?
Conformity is completely changing values and behaviors to what the group thinks
Compliance is going with the group but your own values do not change
Define acceptance
A group is taken as a valid source of norms and information, and therefore individuals’ values change to the groups
Define obediance
Obeying instructions from a person
Define diffusion of responsibility
“I won’t help because someone else will.”
People think others will help a person or take action, and as a result no one does anything
What influences a bystander’s decisions
Size of aggressor
Crowds
If one person has already responded
Define pluralistic ignorance
Witnesses look to others + based their reactions on other people’s actions
Solomon ash experiment?
Line lengths. 4 fake people give wrong answer, and the real person complies with the information and says the wrong answer as well even though they know its wrong
What factors influence conformity
Group size (4-5 is usually the max needed) Group attractiveness Public vs private responses Self esteem of person Group unanimity Nature of task
Group think is when…
When the collective pressure of a group affects the decision-making skills on an individual in a group
People would rather remain silent and conform to a group’s decision than start conflict
Difference between classical and operant conditioning?
Operant - response is new, learned, and an organism modifies their behavior to get rewards
(Rewards/punishments)
Classical - stimulus is new. Response isn’t new, it is inmate (something one is born with)
(Learning, phones out = kahoot, etc.)
A positive punishment is when
You give something to a person that is bad (undesirable)
Ex. giving more homework
A negative reinforcement is when
You take away something from a person that they want you to
ex. taking away homework
What are sanctions
Rewards / punishments
What is more effective - positive or negative reinforcements
Positive
Negative reinforcements do not indicate what behavior is desired, only teaches subject what to do
Maslows hierarchy of needs could be altered by Harlows attachment theory. How?
It could be proven that love and belonging could be on the psychological need level as well (first level)
PROOF:
A monkey that does not cling to something or someone early in life does not fully develop social skills and could show signs of hysteria and possibly die
Adler said that birth order is important because…
It defines what the respective person will be like.
EX. If you are born first, you probably have lots of responsibility and are expected to set an example
Birth order can affect only the men in the families
T/F
False
Girls can develop different personalities as well from their birth order, as well as the sexes of her siblings
Define monogamy
When married couples are allowed to only keep one spouse at a time (most popular)
Define polygamy
Allows a couple to have more than one spouse at a time
True or false:
The way people think does not change regardless of their native language
False
Languages shape how people perceive the world
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states what?
There are certain thoughts in one language that cannot be understood by those living in other languages
True or false: words from other languages have made their way into ours (English)
True
EX. Karate - Japanese
Pyjama - Persian
Algebra - Arabic
