UE function Flashcards
What is the enablement model?
Define patient's roles (participation) What skills (activities) are needed What resources does the patient have? What is lacking? Set goals related to functional recovery: control of arm movements changes depending on the goal of the task
What are factors at play during sensory motor processing?
Constraints of individual
type of task
Specific environmental constraints
What are UE functional roles?
Balance/arm swing Pointing/gesturing Weight bearing Reaching Grasping Manipulation
What are subsystems for reaching, grasping, manipulating?
Musculoskeletal
Neural: internal representations, higher level processes, sensory processes, motor processes
What part of nervous system controls reach and grasp?
Primary motor cortex
Premotor cortex
Posterior parietal lobe
Cerebellum
What is amplitude of head movement when coordinating eye, head, trunk when looking at something?
When head movement is necessary to look at an object the amplitude of head movement is usually about 60-75% of the distance to the target
What sensory systems are involved in normal UE function?
Somatosensory input
Visual feedback
What would you expect from a patient who has a ventral stream lesion?
Inaccurate in estimating size of object but they can still reach for it.
Intact action, altered perception
What are the motor systems involved in normal UE function?
Multiple degrees of freedom
Reach/grasp: under distinct neural control
ROM, strength, tone, coordination
Posture: scapula position, grasp patterns
Eye movement: saccade
Head, trunk movement
Transport hand: role of thumb, shape of hand opening
Postural support
What does the bell shaped velocity profile look like for point vs. grasp?
Movement duration of reaching is longer than pointing
Preparing to grasp object: acceleration of reaching is shorter than duration
Pointing: acceleration is longer than the deceleration (high velocity when finishing)
What are aspects of coordinating grasp?
Close on object by moving fingers (thumb stabilizes)
Sensory info on characteristics of object: weight, firmness, shape, slickness
Grasp patterns
What is manipulation?
Interaction with environment: writing, typing, dressing, opening/closing an object, eating, throwing, counting money, turning page
What are theories of neural control of reach and grasp?
Fitt’s law: the more difficult the task, longer it takes to move
Speed-accuracy trade off: contrains of visual system
What are UE dysfunctions (impairments, abnormalities)?
Impairments in: vision, perception, sensation, proprioception
Abnormalities in: tone, voluntary movement (strength, coordination)
What are causes of reach dysfunction?
Timing problems
Impaired inter limb coordination: elbow, shoulder (degrees of freedom)
Proximal weakness
