UE Arterial and Invasive Arterial Testing Flashcards
Where do you obtain dopper wave forms from for UE segmental pressures?
- subclavian
- axillary
-brachial
-radial
-ulnar
Where are the cuffs placed for UE segmental pressures?
1 on brachial, 1 on forearm
What pressures are obtained bilaterally?
radial and ulnar and brachial pressures
What should the doppler waveforms looks like for UE segmental pressures?
triphasic
What are the steps in interpreting UE segmental pressures?
- compare rt and lt brachial pressures
- compare brachial and forearm pressures
- compare radial and ulnar pressures
What does a difference in brachial pressures indicate?
hemodynamic stenosis in subclavian artery in arm with lower BP
(should be within 15-20 mmHg to be normal)
What is an abnormal brachial and forearm pressure difference?
anything greater than 20 mmHg
How close should radial and ulnar pressures be?
within 5-10 mmHg
What does photoplethysmography detect?
cutaneous blood flow and record pulsations, also records changes in blood content of skin
What technique/transducer is used for UE arterial duplex?
5 or 7.5 mHz transducer
arm externally rotated
What is the most common UE artery to become stenoic?
subclavian
What are you looking for when scanning an UE arterial duplex?
-triphasic waveforms
-varying PSV
-increased velocity in stenotic region
-outlier velocity
How is an arteriograph (angiograph) performed?
insertion of catheter though puncture of artery, contrast injected and x-rays obtain images
What results do an angiograph give you?
- anatomical findings only
-results are based on how much of the artery does not fill
How does atherosclerosis appear in an angiograph?
plaque appears as irregular or smooth displacement of contrast materialH
How does an aneurysm appear in an angiograph?
dilitation of artery
What are the complications of an angiograph?
- puncture site hematoma
- pseudoaneurysm
-local arterial occlusion - neurological complications
What is an endarterectomy?
removal of plaque and portion of intima from lumen
What is a bypass graft?
providing an alternate pathway for blood flow around stenoses or occlusions
What is an angioplasty?
it is used to dilate the stenotic vessel segment with balloon tipped catheter, balloon inflates and pushes plaque against walls
What is a thrombectomy/embolectomy?
extracting thrombus from vessel, catheter is inserted beyond thrombus then inflated and removed
What is a atherectomy?
cutting/scraping/removing plaque with device at end of catheter, the plaque is impacted in storage compartment of catheter
