UCSP Flashcards
Branch of science deals with natural world
Natural science
ex: physics, chemistry
Deals with human behavior
Social science
ex: anthropology, sociology
Define as way of life of an entire society
Culture
Group of people who share same set of laws, rights, and resources
Society
Science of government
Politics
Anthropos means
Humans
Study of humankind in all times and places
Anthropology
Differences in social behavior that different cultures exhibit
Cultural variation
Parts of cultural variation
Religion
Ethnicity
Nationality
Society
Is a set of beliefs and practices
Religion
People who share common cultural background
Ethnicity
Group of people organized in one country
Nationality
Group of people who live in definable community
Society
Socius means
Companion
Study of human social relationships and institution
Sociology
Differences among the individuals based on social characteristics
Social differences
Parts of social differences
Gender
Socioeconomics status
Exceptionality
Characteristics of women, men, girls and boys
Gender
Position of individual on the socio economic skill
Socioeconomic status
Those with special needs related to cognitive behaviors
Exceptionality
Polis means
City state
Scire means
To know
People living in group make decision
Politics
Group affiliation that express specific political opinions
Political identity
Political identity
Partisan politics
Race and identity
Class and identity
Colonialism and identity
Political party affiliation
Partisan politics
Politics shape by race
Race and identity
People’s interest condition by their economic circumstances
Class and identity
Identities of the native subject
Colonialism and identity
Refers to the significant modification or alteration
Social change
Refers to both material and non-material
Cultural change
Is intangible
Non-material
Is tangible
Material
Disruption in government that leads to new policies
Political change
Causes of social change
Technology
Social institution
Population
Environment
Modernization
Is the driving force behind globalization
Technology
Set of norms and subsystem
Social institution
Also affect the people in society because of the changes in the population
Environment
Increase of differentiation within society primarily around its industry
Modernization
The use of new techniques to achieve desired ends
Innovation
Spread of culture from one group to another
Cultural diffusion
Minority adapts the cultural aspect of majority
Acculturation
Learn to adopt to the ways of majority culture
Assimilation
Armed conflict between ethnic groups
Inter ethnic conflict
Public seizures with the main goal of overturning the existing political structure
Revolution
Occurs when non-state actors use violence against civilian
Terrorism
Refers to the view that all genders should receive equal treatment
Gender issues
Involves every event between at least two individuals and experiences a person acquires in her lifetime
Social behavior
Are the individual that influence a person’s life
Social phenomena
Social behavior and phenomen
Food taboo
Istambay
Marriage
A person or group may be influenced by their political views, ideologies
Political behavior
Not limited to public offices as this also include how institutions like school are run or governed
Political phenomen
Political candidates six to help of a well known in campaign
Political candidate endorsement by celebrity
An event where certain individuals behave a certain way merely because of another person does as well
Cultural behavior
Happens when something gains widespread popularity
Cultural phenomen
Four subfields of anthropology
Archeology
Biological anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Linguistic anthropology
Study human culture by analyzing the objects people have made
Archeology
Deals with human evolution and the material that natural selection action
Biological anthropology
Study of how people who share a common cultural system organized and shape the physical and social world
Cultural anthropology
Studies the nature of human languages in the context of two cultures that developed them
Linguistic anthropology
Seven major founders of sociology
Auguste Comte
W.E.B Du Bois
Karl Marx
Herbet Spencer
Emile Durkheim
Max Weber
Harriet Martineau
Father of sociology
Society should be studied as it was
Theory of positivism
Auguste Comte
Origin of the country
Hearth
Father of sociology
Society should be studied as it was
Theory of positivism
Auguste Comte
First black man to earn ph.d at harvard
Double consciousness theory
Major founder of sociology
W. E. B Du Bois
Understanding ruling class system and sociological effects on individuals and society
Historical materialism
Karl Marx
Incorporated theory of evolution into society
Social darwinism
-survival of the fittest
Herbert Spencer
Society was an entity of its own
Functionalism theory
Emile Durkheim
Society needs to be studied as an economy and the economy as a society
Social stratification theory
Max Weber
First female sociologist
Translated Comte’s works
How to observe morals and manners
Harriet Martineau
Approaches in sociology
Macro sociology
Micro sociology
Society and culture as complex
Norms
Counterculture
Agreed upon expectations and rules
Norms
Standards of behaviors that are socially approved but not morally significant
Folkways
Norms of morality
Mores
A behavior is considered as. If the culture forbids them
Taboos
Formal body of rules enacted by the state
Laws
Comes about in opposition to the norms and values of the dominant culture
Counterculture
Who define culture as “that complex whole which include knowledge, art, belief, laws
Edward B Tylor
Aspects of culture
- CULTURE IS DYNAMIC, FLEXIBLE, AND ADAPTIVE
- CULTURE IS SHARED AND CONTESTED
- CULTURE IS LEARNED THROUGH SOCIALIZATION AND ENCULTURATION
- CULTURE IS PATTERNED SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
5.CULTURE IS INTEGRATED AND AT TIMES UNSTABLE - CULTURE REQUIRES LANGUAGE AND OTHER FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
process by which we learn and internalize the rules and patterns of behavior within the society.
Socialization
process by which people learn and adopt the ways and manners of their culture.
Enculturation
process by which people act and react in relation to others
Social interaction
ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM AS ORIENTATIONS IN VIEWING OTHER CULTURES
Ethnocentrism
Xenocentrism
Cultural relativism
Your native culture is the most natural or superior way of understanding the world
Ethnocentrism
Value other cultures more highly than one’s own
Xenocentrism
Meaningful view of values and beliefs that underline the behaviors and institution of other people
Cultural relativism
compliance with norms, standards, rules, or laws.
Conformity
actions or behaviors that violate social norms
Deviance
Major founder of sociology
W.E.B DU BOIS
Historical materialism
Adaptation
Destruction
Survival of the fittest
Social darwinism
Father of anthropology
Franz uri boas
Father of political science
Aristotle
Father of modern political science
Niccolo machiavelli
Social contradiction and tensions
Inter ethnic conflict
Revolution
Terrorism
Gender issues
