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Ortho 2 > UCS > Flashcards

UCS Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral masses of the atlas connect which two arches?

A

Anterior and posterior

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2
Q

At the A-A joint, what are the two articulating joints?

A

Median atlantoaxial joint of C1 + dens of C2
Lateral atlantoaxial joints of superior and inferior facets

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3
Q

Transverse ligament stabilizes what structure against the atlas?

A

Dens

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4
Q

What motions does the transverse ligament of the median joint control?

A

Anterior and Posterior

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5
Q

How do the alar ligaments attach?

A

Axis (C2) to occiput, dens to foramen magnum

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6
Q

What motions do the alar ligaments resist?

A

flexion, contralateral SB and rotation

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7
Q

How is the atlas attached to occiput?

A

ALL to AAO membrane
Ligament Flavum to PAO

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8
Q

How is the axis attached to the occiput?

A

PLL to tectorial membrane

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9
Q

List the posterior craniocervical muscles

A

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Superior Oblique
Inferior Oblique

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10
Q

Attachment of RCP Major

A

C2 spinous process to lateral aspect of nuchal line

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11
Q

Motions controlled RCP Major

A

EXT, ipsilat SB + ROT

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12
Q

Attachment of RCP Minor

A

C1 to medial aspect of nuchal line

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13
Q

Attachment of Superior Oblique

A

C1 transverse process to lateral aspect of nuchal line

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14
Q

Motions controlled by Superior Oblique

A

EXT, ipsilat SB + ROT

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15
Q

Motions controlled by RCP minor

A

EXT

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16
Q

Attachments of Inferior Oblique

A

C2 spinous process to C1 transverse process

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17
Q

List the anterior craniocervical muscles

A

Rectus Capitis Anterior
Rectus Capitis Lateralis

18
Q

Attachments of Rectus Capitis Anterior

A

Lateral mass of C1 to base of occiput

19
Q

Motions controlled by Rectus Capitis Anterior

A

Flex

20
Q

Attachments of Rectus Capitis Lateralis

A

C1 transverse process to jugular process

21
Q

Motions controlled by Rectus Capitis Lateralis

A

Ispilat SB

22
Q

What anterior muscle controls segmentally and eccentrically?

A

Longus colli

23
Q

What anterior muscle is important for neck and postural control?

A

Longus colli

24
Q

Longus colli is inhibited in response to _____?

A

Pain

25
Q

Longus colli is injured during?

A

MVA

26
Q

Cervical spine have an [increased or decreased] density of muscle spindles

A

Increased

27
Q

Cervical spine muscles are important for ________ of head position on neck

A

proprioception

28
Q

What structures do the dorsal and ventral rami of C1-3 innervate?

A

Muscles, OA, AA, C2-3 Z joints, ligaments, vertebral arteries

29
Q

Osteokinematics of OA joint

A

Flex/Ext

30
Q

Osteokinematics of AA joint

A

Rot

31
Q

Arthrokinematics: Flex - OA

A

Occipital condyles glide posteriorly on atlas (convex on concave)

32
Q

Arthrokinematics: Flex - AA

A

C1 moves inferiorly on C2
C2 glides fwd on C3

33
Q

Arthrokinematics: Ext - OA

A

Occipital condyles glide anteriorly on atlas (convex on concave)

34
Q

Arthrokinematics: Ext - AA

A

C1 moves superiorly on C2, C2 glides backward on C3

35
Q

Arthrokinematics: SB - OA

A

Ipsilateral condyle glides anteriorly

36
Q

Arthrokinematics: ROT - OA

A

Ipsilateral condyle glide posteriorly

37
Q

Arthrokinematics: ROT - AA

A

Ipsilateral facet moves posteriorly
Contralateral facet moves anteriorly
Atlas translates to opposite sides

38
Q

Coupled Motions

A

SB and Rot = Opposite directions

39
Q

Causes of injury to vertebral artery

A

MVA (ext)
trauma (osteophytic/disc compression, stretching, kinking)
cervical instability and fractures
manipulation or sudden neck movements
disease

40
Q

Motions that occlude contralateral vertebral artery

A

Rot
Rot + Ext
Rot + Ext + Traction

41
Q

5 D’s

A

Drop attack
Dizziness
Dipoplia
Dysarthria
Dysphagia

42
Q

3 N’s

A

Nausea
Numbness
Nystagmus

Ortho 2 (10 decks)

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