U_1-1 Flashcards
what are the four inorganic ions
magnesium
iron
phosphate
calcium
what is the difference between a micro and a macro nutrient
micro- needed in minute conc
macro- needed in small conc
magnesium
mg 2+
component of chlorophyll- site of respiration in plants
iron
fe 2+
found in haemoglobin- blood transport
calcium
ca 2+
thicker bones / cell wall
phosphate
nucleotide synthesis (ex. ATP)
building block of DNA (sugar phosphate backbone)
haemoglobin
two folded polypeptide chains
globular protein
two alpha glucose + two beta glucose
iron in haem group
properties of water
high surface tension- insects walk on top
high heat capacity- requires a lot of energy to heat water- prevents heat fluctuations
high latent heat of vaporisation- lot f energy required to turn water into steam- temp control
cohesive- strong intermolecular forces
dipolar molecule- used as a solvent
transport medium and buffer
ice less dense than water- aquatic life can survive when pond frozen over
transparent- aquatic plants able to photosynthesise under water
monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose
disaccharides
maltose , sucrose , lactose
how are disaccharides formed and broken down
condensation (formed)
hydrolysis (broken down)
glycosidic bond
site of disaccharides
maltose- germinating seeds
fructose- flowering plants
lactose- mammal milk
test for reducing sugar
bennedics reagent
add to solution and heat
blue to orange if +ve result
only works will monosaccharides !!
starch
glucose storage in plants
alpha glucose
polymers- amylase + amylopectin
difference between amylase and amylopectin
amylase-
linear and unbranched
chain coils into alpha helix
amylopectin-
1,4 and 1,6
