U6 Abdominal & Pelvic Anatomy

Question 1

Abdominopelvic skeletal structures

Answer 1

1. Hips
2. Bony pelvis
3. Lumbar spine
4. Bony thorax
5. Xiphoid tip of sternum

Question 2

Hips (femur) structures

Answer 2

1. Femoral head
2. Greater trochanter

Question 3

Bony pelvis structures

Answer 3

1. Iliac wing
2. Iliac crest
3. ASIS
4. Sacrum (& coccyx tip)
5. Pubic symphysis

Question 4

Lumbar spine

Answer 4

L1-L5
(Iliac crest located L4/5)

Question 5

Bony thorax

Answer 5

-Rib 8-12
- inferior rib margin (L2/3)
- xiphoid tip (T9/10)

Question 6

Digestive Organs

Answer 6

-Stomach
-small bowel
-large bowel

Question 7

Stomach contains…

Answer 7

1. Fundus (superior)
2. Body (middle, largest)
3. Pylorus (inferior, horizontal)

Question 8

Small bowel is made up of…

Answer 8

1. Duodenum (c-shaped)
2. Jejunum (mostly upper abdomen)
3. Ileum (mostly lower abdomen)

Question 9

Large bowel is made up of…

Answer 9

1. Cecum (connects to terminal ileum)
2. Ascending colon
3. Hepatic flesher
4. Transverse colon
5. Splenic flexure
6. Descending colon
7. Sigmoid colon
8. Rectum
9. Anus

Question 10

Accessory digestive organs

Answer 10

1. Liver
2. Gallbladder
3. Pancreas

Question 11

Liver

Answer 11

-largest solid organ of body
-rests below the hemidiaphragm
- produces bile (dissolves fat)

Question 12

Gall bladder

Answer 12

• pear shaped organ under liver
• stores bile until needed

Question 13

Pancreas

Answer 13

1. Head (w/in “C” loop of duodenum)
2. Tail ( extends behind stomach)
3. Produces insulin ( breaks down carbs)

Question 14

Urinary system

Answer 14

1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Urinary bladder
4. Urethra

Question 15

Kidneys

Answer 15

• filter urea waste from blood
• located in posterior upper abdomen on both sides

Question 16

Ureters

Answer 16

carry urine from kidneys to bladder

Question 17

Urinary bladder

Answer 17

Urine reservoir behind pubic bone

Question 18

Urethra

Answer 18

Passageway to excrete urine from the body

Question 19

Other organs ( not directly impacting abdomen)

Answer 19

1. Adrenal glands
2. Spleen

Question 20

Adrenal gland

Answer 20

-on top of each kidney
-produce adrenaline (no urinary function)

Question 21

Spleen

Answer 21

• plays a role in immunity
• behind stomach on left side
• storage reservoir for blood cells

Question 22

Muscles

Answer 22

1. Diaphragm
2. Psoas

Question 23

Diaphragm

Answer 23

• controls respiration
• separates thoracic from abdominal cavity

Question 24

Psoas

Answer 24

• extends from L1 down to the femur
• aids in raising legs
• is radiographically visible

Question 25

Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Answer 25

• liver
• gall bladder
• rt kidney
• rt adrenal gland
• proximal rt ureter
• duodenum
• jejunum (mostly)
• distal ascending colon
• hepatic flexure
• proximal transverse colon
• head of pancreas
• superior right Psoas
• rt hemidiaphragm

Question 26

Left upper quadrant

Answer 26

• stomach
• jejunum (mostly)
• distal transverse colon
• splenic flexure
• proximal descending colon
• left kidney
• left adrenal gland
• proximal left ureter
• spleen
• tail of pancreas
• superior left psoas
• left hemidiaphragm

Question 27

Right lower quadrant

Answer 27

• cecum
• proximal ascending colon
• right half of rectum
• right half of anus
• ileum (mostly)
• terminal ileum
• distal right ureter
• right half of bladder
• inferior right psoas

Question 28

Left lower quadrant

Answer 28

• distal descending colon
• sigmoid colon
• left half of rectum
• left half of anus
• distal left ureter
• left half of bladder
• ileum (mostly)
• inferior left psoas

Question 29

Upper abdominal regions ( above L2)

Answer 29

1. Right hypochondriac
2. Epigastric
3. Left hypochondriac

Question 30

Middle regions ( L2-L5)

Answer 30

1. Right lateral (lumbar)
2. Umbilical
3. Left lateral (lumbar)

Question 31

Lower region (below L5)

Answer 31

1. Right inguinal (iliac)
2. Pubic (hypogastric)
3. Left inguinal (iliac)