U5

Question 1

What 3 things happen on the journey to the alveoli?

Answer 1

1.debris cleaned 2. adjusted to body temperature 3. adjusted to humidity

Question 2

Why do alveoli have a coating of lipo-protiens?

Answer 2

help maintain surface tension so they don’t collapse from sticking together

Question 3

what are the primary stimuli for breathing?

Answer 3

co2 concentration and h+ concentration

Question 4

What are the other 2 receptors other than the respiratory centre in the medulla oblangata?

Answer 4

carotid body in the carotid artery & aortic artery in the aorta > respond mostly to H+ concentration but also co2

Question 5

What 2 conditions allows hemoglobin to grab oxygen easier?

Answer 5

1. cool temperature 2. pH higher

Question 6

What are the 3 types of co2 in the blood and how much do they makeup?

Answer 6

9% dissolved c02, 27% carboaminohemoglobin, 64% carbonic acid (H2CO3) > carbonic anhydrase > bicarbonate ion (HCO3-)

Question 7

When there has been gas exchange between blood and tissue, what is in large quantities in the tissue vs the blood?

Answer 7

Blood>Tissue exch: Tissue (carboaminohemoglobin HbCO2, reduced hemoglobin Hhb) Blood: bicarbonate ion HCO3-

Question 8

When there has been gas exchange between blood and lungs, what acts as a buffer at the lungs?

Answer 8

bicarbonate ion HCO3-

Question 9

describe the 3 equations for the 3 exchanges that happen in the alveoli (external respiration)

Answer 9

1. From the blood: H+ + HCO3- -> H2CO3 -> CO2 + H2O –> to alveoli/air
2. From blood: HbCO2 -> Hb + CO2 –> to alveoli/air
3. From alveoli: O2 + Hhb -> HbO2 + H+ (H+ goes to bicarbonate ion) –> to blood

Question 10

describe the 4 equations for the 4 exchanges that happen in the tissues (internal respiration)

Answer 10

1. from tissue: CO2 -> Dissolved CO2 (9%) –> blood
2. from tissue: CO2 + Hb -> HbCO2 (27%) –> blood
3. from tissueCO2 + H2O -> H2CO3 -> H+ + HCO3- (H+ reacts w/ HbO2) (64%) –> blood
4. HbO2 + H+ -> Hhb + O2 –> diffuses to blood