U4 AOS2 T2 Flashcards
what are the objectives of the employees 5
earn an income good conditions and empowerment job security develop skills and knowledge career advancements
change brings feelings of
fear
uncertainty
resentment
nervousness
the feelings that change brings can lead to 7
Low productivity
Stress and need for counselling
Workers seeking to undermine managers decisions
Sabotage
Strikes
Work avoidance – increasing absenteeism rates
Levels of staff turnover increasing etc.
4 low risk strategies
Communication
Empowerment
Support
Incentives
why is communication essential for changing organisations 2
By clearly and respectfully expressing in advance, why and how change needs to occur, managers can overcome employee resistance.
The greater the sharing of information during the change process, the greater the level of trust between management and employees.
a consideration for a manager with communication
As communication is a two-way process, leaders and managers also need to ensure that they provide all employees with the means to communicate their feedback, both positive and negative, to those leading the change
how should communication be done 3
Quickly
Clearly
Personably and with respect
what is empowerment
Empowerment is management practice of sharing information, rewards, and power with employees so that they can take initiative and make decisions to solve problems and improve service and performance.
how can empowerment assist with change
it gives employees skills, resources, authority, opportunity, motivation, as well holding them responsible and accountable for outcomes of their actions, therefore it will contribute to their performance and satisfaction
why is empowerment better than top-down direction
Top-down direction can lead to mistrust and lack of confidence in this process. Encouraging negotiation processes can empower employees and enhance the support they show and give for the direction of the change.
what is support
Support is a very broad term for all the nurturing activities related to understanding the emotions the employees will feel during the change and providing services to look after them through this period.
examples of support 5
inter-personal skills Counselling Mentoring Discussion forums Meditation
why may support be necessary in change
Business change may result in some positions being terminated, so those likely to have their employment terminated need to be given appropriate support.
what is an incentive in change
This is concerned with giving a reward if the desired change behaviour is demonstrated by the employee. This knowledge that a reward will be generated when an employee performs as requested creates the motivation in the employee to embrace the change.
how to use incentives in change
The trick is in ensuring that the reward is sufficiently closely tied to the change in performance you are desiring and that ways to circumvent the behaviour and still get the reward can’t be found.
examples of incentives 7
Performance incentives Pay bonuses Gift Cards Promotional opportunities Free vacations On site health and wellbeing programs Ensuring managers say thank you- verbal recognition and reward Employee of the month
what is a change agent
is a person or group of people who act as catalysts, assuming responsibility for managing the change process.
advantages of low risk strategies 4
Preserves employee morale
Maintains commitment to business
Maintains motivation
Reduces resistance
disadvantages of low risk strategies
Slower to initiate change
May require additional cost and time to supply; support, counselling etc.
what is manipulation
Manipulation is the form or persuasion or coercion that forces an employee to do what you want them to do against their will. There is a “real art” to manipulating people to do what you want them to do
examples of manipulation 6
Asking people to do tasks in front of others so they have less chance to get out of it- peer pressure
Telling people what they are gaining but disguise what they are losing
Mimic peoples body language to get them to like you when delivering the message
Speak quickly to overwhelm someone into agreeing with you
Chose a time when people are worn down and more likely to agree i.e. at the end of the day
Scare people by exaggerating the truth
threats may involve 4
Threats may involve loss of promotion, transfer, overtime or ultimately, termination
threats can be:
unethical, immoral if not illegal if it forms part of an unfair dismissal claim, but to say that it isn’t sometimes employed discretely would be naive
management style related to threat
autocratic
advantages of high risk strategies 2
Ensures change is implemented quickly and matches exactly what the manager required
Useful in crisis situations
disadvantages of high risk strategies 4
Potential for fear, resentment, reaction
Motivation falls
Manager distrust builds
Can actually lead to greater resistance –staff turnover, strike
what is kurt lewin’s three step model
Kurt Lewin developed a seminal theory on the best approach for a business to manage change. Lewin believed that change occurs at many levels within a business, be it a large-scale or a small business.
what does kurt suggest in the three step model
He suggested that change can occur at the individual level; that is, that each individual within the business is capable of undergoing change.