U3AOS2/T2 Flashcards
What are performance management strategies
The management of employees, departments and organisation to ensure that goals and objectives are being reached efficiently and effectively.
what does performance management strategies focus on
focuses on both improving both Biz + employees performance through relating business performance objectives to individual employee performance objectives
List the performance management strategies (4
employee observation
performance appraisal
management by objectives
employee self evaluation
What does employee observation consist of and what does it seek
observing an empee in the work place
seek opinions variety, on performance of employees Aimed to get feedback from variety of parties
eg. observing empee at work + mystery shoppers
advantage of employee observation
if anon, understands real work performance
disadvantage of employee observation
performs unnaturally either better/nervously when being observed
what is performance appraisal
The formal assessment of how efficiently + effectively empee performs role in biz
5 main objectives of a performance appraisal
- provide feedback from management ti employees regarding work performance
- act as a measurement against which promotion + pay rises can be determined
- Help biz monitor empe selection
- identify empe T+D
- identify new objs > future performance
what are the forms of appraisal(3
Essay: Journal on each empe, notes restricted to specific aspects, cust serv, sales
Critical incident : only collects good/bad aspects of performance
comparison method: empes are ranked on performance characteristics, incorporates statistical values for measurement
advantage of performance appraisal
Very logical + procedural accurate info
disadvantages of performance appraisal (2
People nervous, may just only focus on box ticking forget other things
make sure targets = clear + well written
what is management by objectives
strategy that aims to improve the performance of a business by clearly defining objectives that are agreed to by both management and employees
what does management by objectives help with (2
allows work to be completed step by step > calm + productive manner,
helps empes see accomplishments as achieve each obj ~ reinforcing positive work environments
eg if MBO
BUS OBJ: ^profit 10% HOW: make ^ 10% product EMPE OBJ: 10% produce rate^ over 6 month EMPE TASKS ^ speed of production
adv of MBO
Very focused and clear to empees
disad of MBO
Must be very clear + targeted, time required to set goals
what is employee evaluation
Empee carrying out process of self assessment
to get individual to reflect on own performance = Aim
adv of employee evaluation
good to understand S+W before other assessments
disad of employee evaluation
One may inflate self perception
what is performance feedback
The info provided to empee after performance appraisal
what is termination
The ending of the employment of an employee
what is redundancy
Redundancy = When persons job no exist no more, coz tech changes, biz restructure, merger + acquisition
what is retrenchment
Retrenchment = When biz dismisses empee coz c’e no enough work to justify paying em
what is retirement
= When empee decides to give up full/part time work (usually 60-65) and when People who no longer need or wish to work
reasons for retirement
Reasons = can access superannuation + qualifying age to receive pension 65.5 (by 2023 = 67)
what is resugnation and what must the empee do
= voluntary ending of employment occurs when empee chooses 2 leave eg. quitting
empee must give notice in advanced
reasons to resignation
reasons = unsatisfied with work, career advancement, offered better role, boredom, change in life style.
what is dismissal
occurs when the behaviour of an employee is unacceptable and a business terminates their employment
what are the types of dismissal
dismissal on notice
summary dismissal
unfair dismissal
what is dismissal on notice
dismissal on notice = empee poorly performs + notice on when their final shift will be and warnings may occur
what is summary dismissal
summary dismissal = done something illegal/really bad + fired on the spot
what is unfair dismissal
unfair dismissal = when empee dismissed because discrimination in any way
What are empees entitled to when dismissed
redundancy pay (severance) = the amount of redundancy pay the empee gets based on their continuos service with their employer they are also entitled to notice when their las shift is
two things done to eliminate transition issues
Outplacement services = counselling, skills development, resume writing, interview techniques, job search
assisting employees in their transition = superannuation, pension entitlements, lifestyle planning, farewell parties/speeches
what are employees acquired to do (6
perform duties with proper care + diligence
follow safety procedures
obey lawful, reasonable order within terms of the contract of employment
serve faithfully
account for all money or property received
not misuse the confidential info acquired whilst working
what do the employees want from the business ((5
earn income good conditions of employment job security develop skills + knowledge career advancement
HR managers are acquired to do (5
negotiated between empee +/ or their representatives on issues of pay + working conditions
mediate groups interests empe//empr
develop grievance policies to solve disputes calmly + consistently
ensuring legal minimums for wages + conditions + safety = met
maintain positive environment ~ disputes = reduced
what are unions
= organisations formed to represent + protect rights of empees in particular industry
empees working together to achieve their objectives
what are shop steward, and what do they help with
shop stewards = locally elected union official who represents the union at the work place as a first point of contact for empees for: representation advice contract bargaining united action
what are employers associations
= organisations that represent + assist emper groups
group of empers who unite to promote their common interest + share info + advice + support
what do employer associations do
they do:
biz consulting
policy development
advocacy + eduction
what is the fair work commission
= Australias national workplace relations tribunal
it is an independent body with power to carry out a range of functions
what are the functions of the fair work commission (6
providing safety net of minimum conditions, including min wages in awards
facilitating good faith bargaining + making enterprise agreements
dealing with applications in relation to under dismissal
regulating how industrial action = taken
resolve range of workplace disputes through conciliation, mediation + public tribunal hearings
functions in connection with workplace issues such as, equal remuneration, transfer of biz
what is an award and what do they do
= provide pay rates + conditions of employment for a particular industry/ occupation and businesses must pay over the bare minimum
They cover wages, and other pay rates, work hours, leave, superannuation, dispute resolution procedures
adv of awards (3
wage = equality + transparency across industry
stating + predictability in negotiation process
empees = represented by people skilled in negotiating, including unions
disad of awards(4
less flexible to needs of individual businesses
hard to build in individualised productivity incentives
some strong unions can exert enormous influence
no incentives for local empee-emper relations
what are agreements (3
= contracts made at a business/enterprise level between empee + empers about terms + conditions of employment
can be tailored meet specific needs of biz
must leave empee better off compared to awards
adv of agreements (3
flex to needs if individual biz
easier to build in individualised productivity incentives
^incentive^ for good empee/empr relations
disad of agreements )2
\/ wage equality + transparency across industry
\/ collective empee strength in bargaining e.g. stirkes
what can disputes lead to
Disputes can lead to
= strikes, boycotts, lockouts, sabotage
it time consuming, costly \/ moral + motivation \/ = empee
what are grievance procedures
= provides an orderly system whereby the empee + emper can resolve matters relating to complaints about wages, hours, working conditions or disciplinary action
what is the 5 step grievance procedure
The steps if one step not resolved, onto the next one until resolved
- empee/or representative (shop steward) complain > manager
- empee/ or rep (SS) complain > emper
- discuss with hr man as mediator (to come up with ultimatum)
- matter referred to fair work commission for dispute = resolved
- Matter referred to Arbitration
what is arbitration
= Process that occurs when a “judge” (such as a commissioner of the FWC) hears both arguments in dispute in a more formal court-like setting + determines the outcome
what do arbitrations do (3
independent third party = provides mediation
listening + advising > makes decision
independent tribunal > arrange hearing > listens to both then makes legally binding order
what is mediation
= A method where an independent third party (the mediator) will help the parties talk about their issues and arrive at their own agreement/resolution
what are enterprise/collective agreements (3
Made between either employer union or employer majority employee representative groups
expectation of good faith - timely, disclose relevant info, no unfair conduct
once agreement reached - submit to FWC
what are individual contracts and how do they differ to enterprise/collective agreements
governed by terms on fair work act
same as collective agreements and awards: must comply with awards and NES
Difference: not enforced by FWC
Causes of conflict RELATED TO NEGOTIATING awards and agreements (8
Pay (wages, super etc) conditions other matters identified in the Award/Agreement issues not directly addressed throughawards/agreements OHS/WHS issues around job security company policies union related matters
what is Protected industrial action (3
action taken by either party to a dispute that has been approved by the fair work commission\
e.g.. for a strike to be protected: majority in favour (secret ballot) with employee informed with three days notice
Approved by FWC
what is unprotected action (3
action not approved by the FWC
eg. if taken before previous agreement has ended
illegal - can be fined or pay compensation vandalism
awards and agreements need to include a
dispute resolution procedure (try to minimise larger, costlier disputes)
Different levels of formality in regards to solving work related issues:
Negotiation - discussions between parties only (no 3rd party), aims to reach a suitable compromise
mediation - includes a 3rd party, facilities discussion rather than offering own ideas (eg. through questioning)
grievance procedure - formalised steps, may involve external groups
what are workplace relations
Managing the relationship between emloyers and employees, including the internal and external stakeholders
Collective bargaining
involves determining the terms and conditions of employment through direct negotiation between unions and employers.
what do awards cover
They cover wages, and other pay rates, work hours, leave, superannuation, dispute resolution procedures
