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PE > U4 AOS1 > Flashcards

U4 AOS1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 12 fitness components

A
  • aerobic power
    -aerobic capacity
  • muscular power
  • muscular endurance
  • muscular strength
  • speed
    -flexibility
  • co-ordination
  • agility
  • balance
  • body composition
  • reaction time
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2
Q

aerobic power- what, test, limit

A

Aerobic- Themax rate of energy production from the aerobic energy system
-rate at which we can work aerobically
-important as aerobic energy system is predominant supplier for team sports which last for long periods of time , increase max aerobic steady state to resist fatigue

respiratory system- health of lungs, large lung cap
cardio- increased cardiac output
Gender - Males typically have larger bodies and muscles, so can uptake, transport and utilise more oxygen, increasing their aerobic power.
- vo2 max
-20 m shuttle run test

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3
Q

anerobic capacity- what, test, limit

A

total amount of energy obtainable from anerobic energy system
-cp stores/amount stored in muscles
- gender- male greater muscle mass, lactate tolerance
test- phosphate recovery-ability to recover between sprints and produce the same level of power repeatedly. The test involves eight flat-out sprints every 30 seonds (each sprint lasts seven seconds, with 23 seconds recovery). See what cone u get to when 7 seconds is up
- 300 m shuttle run test

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4
Q

muscular power- what, test, limit

A

-The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to exert a maximum amount of force in the shortest period of time.
Power = Force x velocity
It relies on:
T eam sports like basketball require a high level of muscular power.
–Muscular Strength- The stronger an athlete is the more force they can create
Fibre type and recruitment
-Fast-twitch need to be recruited to generate force quickly
- vertical jump, seated basketball throw

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5
Q

muscular strength - what, test, limit

A
  • max force that can be generated by a muscle/group
    –NOT dependant on the speed/velocity of contraction.
    -Peak muscular force can be obtained by moving slowly (or not moving at all)

-angle of joint, muscle action - eccentric= greatest force
- grip strength dynamometer

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6
Q

muscular endurance - what, test, limit

A
  • ability for muscle to sustain repeated contraction/continue repeat muscle movements, sustain movement in the face of fatigue eg cycling same localized muscle groups repeating movement
    -increase ability to reduce fatigue
    –removal or tolerance of by products
    Fast-twitch fibre are suited for high intensity activities, therefore create fatigue quicker
    -Slow-twitch fibres are ‘fatigue resistant’ and suited for extended periods of exercise or activity.
  • 60 sec push up, 30 sec sit up
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7
Q

speed- what, test, limit

A

rate of motion d/t
- greater anerobic power will provide energy faster
-muscle action- eccentric= greatest force
- aerobic power- greater will provide energy faster
-lactate tolerance- more that can be tolerated= greater speed
- joint angle optimal angle for strength
- anerobic power- greater will provide energy faster
- 20 m sprint test, 35m sprint

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8
Q

agility- what, test, limit

A
  • speed with flexibility, allows athlete to change direction with max speed and control
    -Reaction time to the stimulus
    -Position of centre of gravity
    athletes with a lower COG tend to be more agile due to greater abilities to balance.
  • semo agility test
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9
Q

flexibility- what, test, limit

A

flexibility- capacity of joint to move through full range of motion
static flexibility- not moving, dynamic- moving
-flexibility- reduces likelihood of injury
-joint structure- type of joint can affect type of movement / allowed movement at joint
muscle temp- increased temp increases muscle elasticity
- shoulder and wrist elevation test, sit and reach

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10
Q

reaction time- what, test, limit

A
  • ruler drop test
  • time between stimulus and first response
  • number of choices
  • enviro/distractions- more =slower time
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11
Q

balance- what, test, limit

A

-The ability to control equilibrium while stationary or moving
- stork stand
-Base of support- the greater the base of support, the greater the equilibrium
Centre of Gravity- by lowering one’s centre of gravity, balance is increased
Core stability- greater core stability leads to improved balance

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12
Q

body composition - what, test, limit

A

relative proportions of bone muscle and fat within the body
- BMI, waist circumference
-Age – After 40 years of age, people’s metabolism tends to slow down and in women hormonal imbalances can cause them to increase % body fat
Genetics – Body types tend to be 90% genetically inherited

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13
Q

purpose of activity analysis

A
  • gather sport specific physiological data through viewing performance of an individual
  • such as energy sytem used, muscle groups, what fatigues the athlete etc
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14
Q

methods of data collection

A

direct observation, digital recording( reobserve things over again), mobile apps, wearable tech(hr moniter), other tech(eg skycam)

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15
Q

direct observation

A
  • make decisions about demands of the game based off what they see
  • locomotion patterns- how and where the athlete moves
    -skill frequency
  • muscle groups/movements utilized
  • team tactics and team plays
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16
Q

adv and disadv of direct observation

A

a- implement immediate change
- highly practical in a variety of settings
d- highly subjective data
- memory limitations for long periods of time
- difficult to observe every single aspect live

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17
Q

digital recording what and adv and disadv

A
  • recording via a digital camera, allows replay and freezeframe performance
    a- ability to replay, increased accuracy when compared to direct observation

d- expensive, trained equipment operators often required

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18
Q

mobile apps

A

record accurate and objective data for later analysis
a- increased accuracy compared to direct observation , low cost portable/convenient
d- difficulty to view all players at same time, difficulty recording sports that cover large areas

19
Q

wearable technologies

A
  • fitness trackers, smart watches, heart rate moniter
  • can record multiple people at once,record multiple people at once,
    d- expensive devices, not all models are waterproof, technical operators of equipment required
20
Q

other technologies

A
  • areal video, skycam ,drones- allow birds eyeview
    a- ability to view all players, can record multiple people at once, different angles allow better biomechanical analysis
    d- expensive equipment, could be intrusive to sport, restricted to certain settings eg stadiums
21
Q

types of data

A
  • movement patterns
    -skill frequency chart
  • work to rest ratio
  • hr telemetry (recording of hr)
22
Q

movement pattern charts

A
23
Q

skill frequency chart assumptions made

A
  • what muscle groups and movements
  • fitness components
  • specific fitness tests
  • better training methods and activities
24
Q

work to rest ratio

A

represents the work interval divided by the rest interval expressed as a ratio
associated with an energy system
1;3- anerobic glycolosis
1;1- aerobic
1;5- atp-cp

25
Q

hr

A
  • typically used to estimate energy expenditure and therefore intensity
26
Q

labrotory and feild test

A

l- tests conducted under clinical lab conditions
- expensive equipment
- controlled enviro
- high levels of accuracy
f- tests conducted within a team training or class activity setting
- inexpensive readily available equipment
-uncontrolled enviro
- reduced accuracy

27
Q

direct and indirect test

A
28
Q

maximal vs submaximal tests

A

m- require subject to work to exhaustion
s- measure effort at the given intensity (below max) that can be used to predict max capacity

29
Q

pre assesment considerations, physio, psych, socio

A

ph–Any health conditions -Age
-Training level -Physiological requirements of the sport
psych-Motivation - confidentiality
- what is their level of self efficacy (confidence/ insecurity doing test in front of others) -How will poor results affect the athlete’s wellbeing
Sociocultural
-Culturally appropriate -Multiple or single gender
-Socioeconomic status -Access to equipment and facilities
-Parental consent

30
Q

physiological perspective

A

determine team roles - individuals capacity to perform certain tasks, determine strengths and weaknesses, establish baseline- comp for future results, assess cardio risk- BMI, predict athlete potential

31
Q

psychological perspective

A
  • motivate participants- motivate ourselves or athletes
  • establish mental toughness-reveal athletes psychological strength
32
Q

PARQ

A

pre participation health screening
- considers an individuals current health status
- determines persons readiness for fitness
e.g have u ever had a heart condition

33
Q

what are the fitness assessment protocalls

A

-informed consent
-validity- is the test measuring what it claims to be measuring
-reliability- ability to produce consistent results, when process is replicated- only differences can be accounted to training
-accuracy-Are the results collected the correct result
follow rules and procedures

34
Q

selecting fitness tests

A

specificity- Is the test specific to the activity the participant is going to complete?

35
Q

yo yo test

A
36
Q

vo2 max

A

Vo2 max- The maximum amount of oxygen that can be taken up, transported and utilised per minute
-The subject wears a face mask that is able to measure the volumes of oxygen and carbon dioxide being inhaled and exhaled
The subject usually completes this test on a treadmill or stationary bike, where the intensity of the test increases every few minutes until exhaustion

-The higher an athlete’s VO2 max, the greater the energy that can be produced during aerobic activity
-A direct measure of aerobic power

37
Q

measure vo2 max

A

The subject wears a face mask that is able to measure the volumes of oxygen and carbon dioxide being inhaled and exhaled
The subject usually completes this test on a treadmill or stationary bike, where the intensity of the test increases every few minutes until exhaustion
Most other aerobic power tests aim to indirectly predict an athletes VO2 max
It also measures:
Heart rate: Helps determine max heart rate, Used to prescribe heart rate training zones for the athlete
Blood lactate: Measures an athletes Lactate Inflection Point (LIP), Helps determine lactate tolerance

38
Q

absoloute and relative vo2 max

A

Absoloute VO2 max- How many Litres of oxygen are utilised per minute (L/min)?
-This value is the direct measure of the amount of oxygen utilised by an athlete
-This value is not adjusted for any characteristics of the athlete
-The higher the better, however does not allow us to compare different athletes
Relative VO2 max- How many millilitres of oxygen are utilised per kilogram of body weight per minute (mL/kg/min)
-The difference between absolute and relative VO2 max is the consideration of the athlete’s weight
-This allows comparison of different athletes, or ever athletes that either gain or loose weight
-The higher the relative VO2 max the better aerobic power.

39
Q

7 stage abdominal strength test

A

muscular strength
- subject lies on back w knees at r angle feet flat. Attempt to complete one sit up from each of the 8 levels 0-7. Level is completed satisfactory if the athlete can do it without lifting feet

40
Q

illinois agility test/ semo

A
  • an athlete completes a series of sprints forwards sideways and backwards between 4 cones
  • athlete starts lying down and is timed getting up running to and from the first cone 10 m away weaving up and down through 4 cones and running to the final cone and finish
41
Q

20 m shuttle run test

A

if he subject doesnt isnt within two strides of the line twice in a row they r out
subject runs back and forth between the lines upon hearing the signal

42
Q

standing stork test

A
43
Q

vertical jump, seated basketball throw

A

stand with sideways with one arm extended and mark height of reach, without moving feet squat and jump as high as possible

PE (6 decks)

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