U3-4 - Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards
Nuclear radiation is emitted from the _______of a radioactive isotope and may be in the form of particles or waves.
nucleus
Radioactive isotope (radioisotope)
An isotope with an unstable nucleus that undergoes nuclear decay.
Why do nuclei emit radiation?
To become more stable.
Alpha radiation consists of ____________.
Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei.
_________ radiation consists of helium nuclei.
Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei.
Nuclide notation for alpha particles
Beta radiation consists of __________.
Beta radiation consists of high speed electrons.
______ radiation consists of high speed electrons.
Beta radiation consists of high speed electrons.
Nuclide notation for beta particles
Gamma radiation consists of _________.
Gamma radiation consists of electromagnetic waves.
______ radiation consists of electromagnetic waves.
Gamma radiation consists of electromagnetic waves.
Alpha radiation can be stopped by ___________.
Alpha radiation can be stopped by a sheet of paper.
________ radiation can be stopped by a sheet of paper.
Alpha radiation can be stopped by a sheet of paper.
Beta radiation can stopped by ________.
Beta radiation can stopped by a thin sheet of aluminium.
_____ radiation can stopped by a thin sheet of aluminium.
Beta radiation can stopped by a thin sheet of aluminium.
Gamma radiation can be stopped by ________.
Gamma radiation can be stopped by a thick slab of lead or concerete.
______ radiation can be stopped by a thick slab of lead or concerete.
Gamma radiation can be stopped by a thick slab of lead or concerete.
Label the paths (alpha, beta, gamma).
Finish the alpha decay equation:
During alpha decay, the mass number __________.
During alpha decay, the mass number decreases by 4.
During ______ decay, the mass number decreases by 4.
During alpha decay, the mass number decreases by 4.
During alpha decay, the atomic number ______.
During alpha decay, the atomic number decreases by 2.
During ________ decay, the atomic number decreases by 2.
During alpha decay, the atomic number decreases by 2.
Finish the beta decay equation:
During beta decay, the mass number ______.
During beta decay, the mass number stays the same.
During _____ decay, the mass number stays the same.
During beta decay, the mass number stays the same.
During beta decay, the atomic number ___________.
During beta decay, the atomic number increases by 1.
During _____ decay, the atomic number increases by 1.
During beta decay, the atomic number increases by 1.
Half-life
The time it takes for half the nuclei of the starting element to decay.
The time it takes for half the nuclei of the starting element to decay.
Half-life
How can the rate of nuclear decay be increased?
It cannot - depends only on the specific isotope.
