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Bio, AP GOV, Biomed, E+E, Math, ELA > U2 bio quiz 2 > Flashcards

U2 bio quiz 2 Flashcards

macromolecules, monomers, stuff

1
Q

what is the macromolecule who’s monomer is glycerol

A

lipids

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2
Q

what is the macromolecule who’s monomer is fatty acids

A

lipids

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3
Q

what is the macromolecule who’s monomer is amino acids

A

proteins

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4
Q

what is the macromolecule who’s monomer is nucleotides

A

nucleic acids

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5
Q

which elements are in lipids

A

CHO

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6
Q

which elements are in proteins

A

CHNO

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7
Q

which elements are in nucleic acids

A

CHNOP

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8
Q

what is the function of the lipids

A

makes up cell membrane, long term energy storage, provides insulation

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9
Q

what is the function of the proteins

A

many different structural functions in the body, no energy directly

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10
Q

what is the function of the nucleic acids

A

stores genetic information like DNA/RNA

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11
Q

what macromolecule provides short term energy

A

carbohydrates

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12
Q

what is the monomer of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharide (simple sugar)

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13
Q

what is DNA made up of

A

4 nucleotides

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14
Q

what are the names of the 4 nucleotides

A

adenine guanine cytosine thyamine

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15
Q

what goes with adenine

A

thyamine

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16
Q

what goes with cytosine

17
Q

what links nitrogen bases

A

a weak hydrogen bond

18
Q

why is the hydrogen bond weak

A

so it can break off for replication

19
Q

what is dna

A

double-helix

20
Q

why is it a double helix

A

so it can be easily and accurately replicated

21
Q

what determines proteins and therefore traits

A

order of nitrogen bases

22
Q

describe the order of protein synthesis

A

DNA –> mRNA–> amino acids–> protein–>

23
Q

where does transcription occur

A

in the nucleus

24
Q

what occurs during transcrption

A

DNA rewritten as RNA

25
Q

where does mRNA go

A

it leaves the nucleus to go to the ribosomes

26
Q

where does DNA go

A

its too big to leave the nucleus

27
Q

where does translation occur

A

in the ribosomes

28
Q

what occurs during translation

A

mRNA translated into amino acids

29
Q

what is the result of translation of mRNA into amino acids

A

it creates a polypeptide chain

30
Q

what happens after a polypeptide chain is created

A

tRNA bring the amino acids back to the ribosome

31
Q

what happens after amino acids are brought back to the ribosome

A

anticodon on the tRNA binds with the codon on the mRNA

32
Q

what is a mutation

A

a change in a genetic sequence

33
Q

a single nucleotide change in a DNA sequence can cause a change in the _ sequence

A

amino acid

34
Q

_ mutations change one amino acid

A

substitution

35
Q

the change in one amino acid is known as

A

point mutation

36
Q

mutations can be caused by

A

errors in DNA replication

37
Q

mutations can be caused by (2)

A

environmental factors like UV rays

38
Q

mutations are

A

not good or bad

Bio, AP GOV, Biomed, E+E, Math, ELA (6 decks)

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