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Bio, AP GOV, Biomed, E+E, Math, ELA > U1 Astronomy Study Guide > Flashcards

U1 Astronomy Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the 1st step in the formation of the solar system?

A

Formation of a Nebula

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2
Q

What is the 2nd step in the formation of the solar system?

A

The nebula collapses under it’s own gravity

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3
Q

What is a Nebula?

A

A large cloud of gas and dust

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4
Q

What is the 3rd step in the formation of the solar system

A

The center of the nebula heats up and increases in pressure, forming a protostar

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5
Q

What is the 4th step in the formation of the solar system

A

A disk of gas and dust forms around the protostar

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6
Q

True or False - the solar system is a heliocentric model

A

true

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7
Q

true or false - the solar system is a geocentric model

A

false

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8
Q

true or false - terrestrial planets are the outer planets

A

false

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9
Q

true or false - jovian planets are more dense

A

false

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10
Q

true or false - jovian planets are composed of ice, gas, and metal

A

true

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11
Q

true or false - jovian planets can have rings

A

true

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12
Q

true or false - terrestrial planets have less moons

A

true

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13
Q

what is an astronomical unit?

A

the average distance between the sun and the earth

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14
Q

what is an ellipse?

A

the shape that planets create as they revolve around the sun

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15
Q

how many foci are on an ellipse?

A

2

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16
Q

what would happen to an ellipse if the foci moved further away from each other?

A

the ellipse would become longer and skinnier

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17
Q

what does it mean if an orbit has a high eccentricity?

A

it has a high elliptical orbit

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18
Q

how would a high eccentricity affect solar radiation?

A

it would cause significant variation in the amount of solar radiation it receives throughout the year

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19
Q

what is a barycenter

A

a point around which objects orbit

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20
Q

what is the barycenter in our solar system?

A

the sun

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21
Q

what is the barycenter of the earth and moon

A

the earth

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22
Q

kepler’s first law

A

describes the ellipse of planetary orbits around a central star

23
Q

kepler’s 2nd law

A

describes the relationship between area, time, and the speed of a planet as it orbits the sun

24
Q

kepler’s 3rd law

A

describes the relationship between the size of a planet’s orbit and how long it takes to go around the sun

25
Q

what does the solar nebular theory state

A

our solar system was formed from a nebula

26
Q

how many tides are there per day

A

2 high, 2 low

27
Q

what has a gravitational pull on tides?

A

the sun and moon

28
Q

how to calculate tidal range

A

MLT-MHT

29
Q

describe a spring tide

A

occurs when the sun, moon, and earth align during a new or full moon

30
Q

describe a neap tide

A

occurs when the sun and moon are right angles to each other during 1st and 3rd quarters

31
Q

describe the relationship between wavelength of light and energy

A

the longer the wavelength, the less the energy

32
Q

what is nuclear fusion

A

when 2 or more nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus

33
Q

where does nuclear fusion occur

A

in the sun and other stars

34
Q

what is the sun loosing in the process of nuclear fusion

A

mass

35
Q

how does energy travel through the core

A

radiation and convection

36
Q

how does energy travel through the radiative zone

A

electromagnetic radiation or photons

37
Q

how does energy travel through the convection zone

A

convection

38
Q

how does energy travel through the photosphere

A

convection currents

39
Q

how does energy travel through the chromosphere

A

radiation and convection

40
Q

how does energy travel through the corona

A

unsure

41
Q

what is the core

A

deepest layer of the sun

42
Q

what is the radiative zone

A

2nd deepest layer of the sun

43
Q

what is the convection zone

A

outermost layer of the sun’s interior

44
Q

what is the photosphere

A

surface of the sun

45
Q

what is the chromosphere

A

thin layer of plasma on the sun’s surface

46
Q

corona

A

outermost layer of the sun

47
Q

what types of radiation are emitted by the sun

A

visible light, ultraviolet, infared

48
Q

how is the electromagnetic spectrum organized

A

divided into separate bands with different names for the electromagnetic waves in each band

49
Q

how does solar radiation interact with the biosphere

A

it affects plants through photosynthesis

50
Q

how does solar radiation interact with the lithosphere

A

it is affected through convection currents

51
Q

how does solar radiation interact with the atmosphere

A

aerosol particles in the atmosphere absorb radiation, causing the atmosphere to warm

52
Q

how does solar radiation interact with the hydrosphere

A

surface waters evaporate into the atmosphere, condense, and fall back down as precipitation, shaping continents and creating rivers and lakes

53
Q

increased solar radiation means __ rainfall

A

more

54
Q

what is the greenhouse effect

A

a natural process that warms the earths surface and atmosphere by trapping heat from the sun

Bio, AP GOV, Biomed, E+E, Math, ELA (5 decks)

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