U1:KA8 - Genomic sequencing Flashcards
What does genomics involve?
Sequencing an organisms DNA
What is bioinformatics?
The comparison of DNA sequences using computer technology and statistical analysis
What do comparative genomics refer to?
The comparison of different genomes
What are conserved regions of DNA useful for?
Determining evolutionary relationships
What is phylogenetics?
The study of how related organisms are in terms of evolution
What does phylogenetics use genome sequenced data for?
They use it to deduce evolutionary relationships
What is the definition of ‘last common ancestor’?
The most recent organism from which a species is directly descended
What is the definition of ‘lineage’?
A sequence of species each of which have evolved from a common ancestor
What are molecular clocks used for?
To try to date the origins of species and determine the sequence in which they evolved
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes
What does the domain bacteria include?
The most common prokaryotes
What does the domain archaea include?
Prokaryotes which inhabit extreme environments such as hot springs
What does the domain eukaryotes include?
Plants, animals and fungi
What does personal genomics involve?
Sequencing an individuals genome and analysing it using bioinformatics tools
What does pharmacogenetics refer to?
Genetic differences in metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs
