U1:KA8 - Genomic sequencing Flashcards

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1
Q

What does genomics involve?

A

Sequencing an organisms DNA

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2
Q

What is bioinformatics?

A

The comparison of DNA sequences using computer technology and statistical analysis

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3
Q

What do comparative genomics refer to?

A

The comparison of different genomes

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4
Q

What are conserved regions of DNA useful for?

A

Determining evolutionary relationships

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5
Q

What is phylogenetics?

A

The study of how related organisms are in terms of evolution

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6
Q

What does phylogenetics use genome sequenced data for?

A

They use it to deduce evolutionary relationships

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7
Q

What is the definition of ‘last common ancestor’?

A

The most recent organism from which a species is directly descended

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8
Q

What is the definition of ‘lineage’?

A

A sequence of species each of which have evolved from a common ancestor

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9
Q

What are molecular clocks used for?

A

To try to date the origins of species and determine the sequence in which they evolved

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10
Q

What are the three domains of life?

A

Bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes

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11
Q

What does the domain bacteria include?

A

The most common prokaryotes

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12
Q

What does the domain archaea include?

A

Prokaryotes which inhabit extreme environments such as hot springs

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13
Q

What does the domain eukaryotes include?

A

Plants, animals and fungi

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14
Q

What does personal genomics involve?

A

Sequencing an individuals genome and analysing it using bioinformatics tools

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15
Q

What does pharmacogenetics refer to?

A

Genetic differences in metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs

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