U1 - Gene expresson (translation + splicing)

Question 1

state the function of tRNA in translation

Answer 1

transports specific amino acids to the ribosome

Question 2

describe translation

Answer 2

mRNA carries complementary copy of genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome. tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome. Each mRNA codon codes for a specific amino acid. Correct triplet anticodon on tRNA molecule pairs up with mRNA start codon. codons and anticodons match up and form complementary base pairs. Peptide bonds form between adjacent amino acids to form polypeptide chain. Used tRNA molecules leave ribosome to collect more Amino Acids. Last codon of an mRNA molecular is a stop codon which signals the end of translation.

Question 3

how can many protiens come from one gene?

Answer 3

through the process of alternative splicing, arranging exons in a different order and removing exons from a gene allows cells to make different protiens frrom a single gene

Question 4

how are amino acids folded to make a protien?

Answer 4

chain of amino acids linked by strong peptide bonds. hydogen bonds form between amino acids and strucrure becomes folded or coiled. cross connections between amino acids occur.

Question 5

Give examples of the main forms of protein shape

Answer 5

Fibrous, globular, conjugated

Question 6

What is phenotype determined by

Answer 6

The proteins produced following gene expression