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Spinal Anatomy Exam 2 > Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 > Flashcards

Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 Flashcards

1
Q

Which thoracic segments are considered the typical thoracics?

A

T2-T8 segments

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2
Q

Which thoracic segments are considered the atypical thoracics?

A

T1, T9-T12

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3
Q

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

A

the vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process

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4
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?

A

triangular

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5
Q

What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

aortic impression

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6
Q

What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?

A

the left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

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7
Q

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body

A

the posterior height is greater than the anterior height y one to two millimeters

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8
Q

What is the principal cause of posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

the vertebral body height differences

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9
Q

In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?

A

posterior

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10
Q

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

A

Kyphotic curve

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11
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis, and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodial)

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12
Q

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

four

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13
Q

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

two

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14
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

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15
Q

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

the superior costal demi-facet

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16
Q

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

A

the costocentral joints or ribs

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17
Q

What is the rib-vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen for the __ nerve? Let’s use the T6 nerve.

A

the inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib. The superior costal demi-facet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib

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18
Q

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

A

the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

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19
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

A

the interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc

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20
Q

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?

A

the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

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21
Q

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?

A

The longus colli

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22
Q

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

A

ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

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23
Q

Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic

A

the lateral view

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24
Q

What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

A

shingling

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25
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

A

oval to circular

26
Q

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

A

the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter

27
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

A

the superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments

28
Q

The superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T4 will attach to rib__?

A

five

29
Q

The inferior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5will attach to rib__?

A

five

30
Q

The lateral costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib__?

A

five

31
Q

Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

A

longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis thoracis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis

32
Q

How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T2-T4 region?

A

the superior articular process transverse diameter is greater than the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment

33
Q

How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T5-T8 region?

A

the superior articular process transverse diameter is the same as or equal to the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment

34
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

they face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

35
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic.

A

they face forward,downward, and medial (ForMeD)

36
Q

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

A

ten

37
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

A

six

38
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic.

A

two superior costal demi-facets, two inferior costal demi-facets, two transverse costal facets

39
Q

What name is given to the region between the superior and inferior articular processes in the typical thoracics?

A

the pars interarticularis

40
Q

What is the orientation of the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

A

they slant backward and downward

41
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?

A

imbrication

42
Q

Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?

A

T5-T8

43
Q

Which thoracic has the longest spinous process?

A

T8

44
Q

Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

A

trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, mulifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis

45
Q

Which muscles attaching to the spinous process of a typical thoracic are not included in any muscle layer of the true back?

A

Whasplenius cervicis, splenius capitis and interspinalis

46
Q

What joint classifications are present at every typical thoracic vertebra?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodial)

47
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T1?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodial joint) the modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) is only observed as an anatomical variation

48
Q

How many joint are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

A

typically ten (fourteen if the rib ligaments are included)

49
Q

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T1?

A

the longus colli

50
Q

Which spinal nerve-vertebral notch or incisure combination is present at T1?

A

c8 spinal nerve-the superior vertebral notch or incisure of T1
t1 spinal nerve- the inferior vertebral notch or incisure of T1.

51
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of T1?

A

the inferior costotransverse and lateral costotransverse ligaments

52
Q

What ligament is absent at the costotransverse joint of T1?

A

the superior costotransverse ligament

53
Q

What muscles attach to the transverse process of T1?

A

longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum brevis

54
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of T1?

A

they face backward, upward, and lateral BUL

55
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of T1?

A

they face forward downward, and medial ForMeD

56
Q

How many synovial joints are present at T1?

A

ten

57
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process of T1?

A

the undersurface of the T1 spinous processes will be nearly horizontal from the horizontal plane

58
Q

What is the gender bias associated with T1 as the vertebral prominence

A

males 9% are more likely than females 6% to demonstrate T1 as the vertebral prominence

59
Q

What muscles attach to the spinous process of T1?

A

the trapezius, rhomboid minor, serratus posterior superior, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, interspinalis

60
Q

What joint classifications are present at the T1 vertebrae?

A

fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis, cartilaginous amphiarthrosis symphysis and synovial plane diarthrosis arthrodia

Spinal Anatomy Exam 2 (9 decks)

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