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Spinal exam II > Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 > Flashcards

Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 Flashcards

1
Q

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

A

the vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process

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2
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic form superior view?

A

triangular

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3
Q

On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T5-T8 group?

A

the left side of the vertebral body will be flattened, the right side convex

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4
Q

What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

the aortic impression

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5
Q

What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?

A

the left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

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6
Q

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

the posterior height is greater that the anterior height by one to two millimeters

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7
Q

What is the height pattern of intervertebral discs in the typical thoracic region?

A

the intervertebral discs are rather planar or flat with no apparent height difference between anterior and posterior heights

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8
Q

What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

the vertebral body height difference

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9
Q

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

A

a kyphotic curve

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10
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphisis, and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

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11
Q

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

four

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12
Q

How many symphisis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

two

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13
Q

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically four are identified (as many as eight if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

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14
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

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15
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

costocentral joint

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16
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

costocentral joint

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17
Q

How many cosstocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

four

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18
Q

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

the superior costal demi-facet

19
Q

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

A

the costocentral joint or ribs

20
Q

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

A

the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costoscentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

21
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

A

the interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc

22
Q

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?

A

the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

23
Q

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?

A

the longus colli

24
Q

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

the pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally

25
Q

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

A

ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

26
Q

Which x-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?

A

the lateral view

27
Q

What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

A

shingling

28
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

A

oval to circular

29
Q

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

A

the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter

30
Q

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

A

the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib

31
Q

What ligaments support the costotranseverse joint of a typical thoracic?

A

the superior costostransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments

32
Q

Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

A

the longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis thoracis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis

33
Q

How can you distinguish between a T2-T4 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process?

A

at T2-T4 the width between the superior articular processes is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra; at T5-T8 the width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra

34
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

they face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

35
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

they face forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)

36
Q

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

A

ten

37
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

A

six

38
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for the ribs that are present on a typical thoracic.

A

two superior costal demi-facets, two inferior costal demi-facets, two transverse costal facets

39
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?

A

imbrication

40
Q

Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?

A

T5-T8

41
Q

Which thoracic has the longest spinous process?

A

T8

42
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region?

A

the undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane; the undersurface of T5-T8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

43
Q

Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

A

the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracic, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis

Spinal exam II (22 decks)

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