Sacrum Flashcards
What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?
the anterior two-thirds
What part of the sacral ala is derived form the true transverse process?
the posterior third
how many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
four
how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?
five
how many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
four
what muscle(s) may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?
psoas major
what is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?
the zyapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1
what is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?
backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave
what is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior articular process?
mammillary process
what muscles will attach to the sacral mammillary process?
multifidis
what is the usual condition for the first sacral spinous process?
it is non-bifid and short
An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified as the __?
median sacral crest
what is the name given to the congenital condition in which the fifth lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spina bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?
Knife Clasp Syndrome
An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?
intermediate sacral crest
What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?
the mammillary process of S1 and the sacral cornu of S5
what does the sacral cornu represent?
the inferior articular process and facet of S5
What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?
the sacral hiatus
An imaginary line drawn from the transverse process of S1 to the inferior lateral sacral angle will form what feature?
the lateral sacral crest
what is the sacral tuberosity?
the enlarged transverse tubercle of S2
what is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?
the accessory sacro-iliac joint
what feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?
auricular surface
what feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?
sacral promontory
the continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?
the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
what forms the posterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
sacral cornu, coccygeal cornu, superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intercornual ligament
what forms the anterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
vertebral body S5, vertebral body Co1, deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intervertebral disc
what forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?
the union of the superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments
what ligament divides the sciatic foramen into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina
sacrospinous ligament
which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
sacrotuberous ligament
which ligament is the strongest of the sacro-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?
interosseous sacro-iliac ligament
what is the honolog for the inferior articular process and facet at S5?
sacral cornu
what is the homolog for the superior articular process and facet at Co1?
coccygeal cornu
what is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?
intercornual ligament
