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Spinal Exam 2 > Typical Lumbar Spine: L1-L4 > Flashcards

Typical Lumbar Spine: L1-L4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

reniform or kidney-shaped

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2
Q

What accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?

A

the vertebral body and intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height

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3
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical lumbar?

A

six

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4
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical lumbar?

A

none

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5
Q

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are on a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

two

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6
Q

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are on a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

four

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7
Q

What muscles may attach to the first lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major and psoas minor

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8
Q

What muscles may attach from the second down to the fourth lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major

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9
Q

Psoas minor will attach to the vertebral body of which segments?

A

T12, L1

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10
Q

What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?

A

transforaminal ligaments

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11
Q

What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?

A

corporotransverse ligaments

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12
Q

What is the number of vertebrae in the normal adult lumbar spine?

A

five segments

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13
Q

Hofmann ligaments are identified in which regions along the vertebral column?

A

cervical - upper thoracic region and lumbar region

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14
Q

Cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to segments above

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15
Q

What is the highest level known to demonstrate Hofmann ligaments?

A

C6

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16
Q

What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments?

A

resist caudal movement of the dural sac; resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord

17
Q

Lumber Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to lower segmental levels

18
Q

What is the proposed function of the lumbar Hofmann ligaments?

A

resist cranial movement of the dural sac during flexion

19
Q

What osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?

A

overlap of the laminae, shingling, diminishes; overlap of spinous processes, imbrication, diminishes

20
Q

What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar transverse process?

A

accessory process

21
Q

A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?

A

7% occurrence as a result of congenital elongation of the lumbar accessory process

22
Q

What muscles attach to the lumbar accessory process?

A

longissimus thoracis and intertransversarii

23
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

psoas major, quadratus lumborum, longissimus thoracis, rotator brevis, rotator longus, and intertransversarii

24
Q

What muscles will attach to lumbar superior articular processes?

A

multifidis and intertransversarii

25
Q

What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?

A

mammillo-accessory ligament

26
Q

What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve

27
Q

What is the joint classification for the typical lumbar zygapophysis?

A

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

28
Q

How many synovial joints are present on a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

four

29
Q

What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in children?

A

the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane

30
Q

What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?

A

the zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane for L1/L2, L2/L3 and L3/L4; the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1

31
Q

What name is given to zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?

A

joint symmetry

32
Q

What names are given to the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane or position and the other zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane or position?

A

joint asymmetry or joint tropism

33
Q

What is the names of the condition in which the typical lumbar spinous process increases in length due to the aging process?

A

Baastrup’s syndrome or “kissing spines”

34
Q

What muscles will attach to the typical lumbar spinous process?

A

latissimus dorsi, serratus posterior inferior, iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis

Spinal Exam 2 (17 decks)

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