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Spinal Other Categories > Typical Cervical Vertebrae C3-C6 > Flashcards

Typical Cervical Vertebrae C3-C6 Flashcards

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1
Q

which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae

A

ant bear, three-toed sloth

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2
Q

which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae

A

two- toed sloth, manatee

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3
Q

what is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine

A

7 segments

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4
Q

which vertebrae are typical cervicals

A

C3-C6

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5
Q

what is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view

A

rectangular

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6
Q

what is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view

A

posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

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7
Q

what would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features

A

posterior/ kyphotic

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8
Q

what accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve

A

the intervertebral disc height

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9
Q

what is the direction of the typical cervical curve

A

anterior/ lordotic

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10
Q

at which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height

A

C5/ C6

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11
Q

what is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body

A

it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

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12
Q

what are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical

A

anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

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13
Q

what are the names of the lateral modification of the superior epiphyseal rim

A

uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, lateral lip or uncus

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14
Q

what are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical

A

anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves

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15
Q

what are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim

A

lateral groove or enchancrure

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16
Q

what is the joint classification for the anterior lip- anterior groove articulation

A

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis

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17
Q

what is the joint classification for the posterior lip-posterior groove articulation

A

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis

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18
Q

what is the joint classification for the uncinate process- lateral groove articulation

A

modified diarthrosis sellar

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19
Q

what is the joint classification for the spongy bone- intervertebral disc articulation

A

amphiarthrosis symphysis

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20
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body

A

5

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21
Q

how may joint surfaces are present on the lower surface of a typical cervical vertebral body

A

5

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22
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical

A

10

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23
Q

how many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical

A

4

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24
Q

what joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical

A

anterior groove, posterior groove, right uncinate process, left uncinate process, spongy bone, anterior lip, posterior lip, right lateral groove, left lateral groove, spongy bone

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25
what synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical
right and left uncinate process, right and left lateral groove
26
what is the name given to the uncinate process- lateral groove articulation
joint of Luschka or uncovertebral joint
27
the joint of Luschka is formed from what surface
the uncinate process and lateral groove
28
what muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body
the longus colli muscle
29
what is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical
posterolateral, 45 degrees
30
at what location on vertebral body of a typical cervical will the pedicle attach
to the side and in the center of the vertebral body
31
what surface feature is located at the upper margin of the pedicle
superior vertebral notch
32
what surface feature is located at the lower margin of the pedicle
inferior vertebral notch
33
which spinal nerve will be accommodated on the superior vertebral notch of C5
C5 spinal nerve
34
which spinal nerve will be accommodated on the inferior vertebral notch of C5
C6 spinal nerve
35
what is the direction of projection of the cervical lamina
posteromedially
36
what ligament attaches to the lamina of a typical cervical
ligamentum flavum
37
what joint classification will be associated with the ligamentum flavum and its attachment
amphiarthrosis syndesmosis
38
ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will result in what feature
para-articular processes
39
ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will be associated with which classification of bone
accessory bone
40
ossification within the length of the ligmentum flavum will be associated with which classification of bone
heterotopic bone
41
what is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical cervical vertebra
heart-shaped or triangular
42
which is the greatest diameter of the vertebral foramen of typical cervicals
transverse
43
what soft tissue diameter mimics the outline of the typical cervical vertebral foramen
transverse diameter of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord
44
the greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at ____
C6
45
the greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple
C5/C6
46
what osseous parts form the typical cervical vertebra transverse process
costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process
47
list, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body
costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process
48
list, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the lamina pedicle junction
true transverse process, posterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, anterior tubercle, costal element
49
what is the distal modification of the costal element of a typical cervical vertebra
anterior tubercle
50
what muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra
anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intertransverse muscles
51
what is the distal modification of the true transverse process of typical cervicals
the posterior tubercle
52
what muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra
splenius cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators and posterior intertransverse muscles
53
what bony feature connects the anterior and posterior tubercles of a typical cervical transverse process
costotransverse bar or intertubercular lamella
54
what muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar
middle scalene and posterior intertransverse muscles
55
what is the name given to the collective rib- forming region
pleurapophysis
56
what produces the primary tension on the transverse process that will cause remodeling in the anterolateral and inferior directions
cervical spinal nerves as they are directed anterolaterally and inferiorly to form the cervical and brachial plexuses
57
what is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar
sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
58
what is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process
60 degrees anterolaterally ( from midsagittal plane), 15 degrees inferiorly ( from the horizontal plane)
59
what is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse
the carotid tubercle
60
what will cause remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6
the common carotid artery
61
what will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen
the vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers
62
what part of the peripheral nerve system is observed in the transverse foramen of typical cervical vertebrae
postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers of the autonomic/ involuntary/ visceral nerve system
63
what is the name of the lamina- pedicle junction of typical cervical vertebrae
the articular pillar
64
what is the name of the surface feature observed between the ends of the articular pillar
the groove/ sulcus for the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
65
what nerve indents the articular pillar of typical cervical vertebrae
the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
66
what is the classic angulation of typical cervical articular facets
40-45 degrees from the coronal plane
67
recent work suggests what angulation for typical cervical articular facet
55-60 degrees
68
what is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet
backward, upward, medial (BUM)
69
what is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet
forward, lateral, downward (FoLD)
70
what muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes
the longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis and rotators
71
what muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses
semispinalis capitis, multifidis and rotator longus
72
what is the joint classification for the typical cervical zygapophysis
diarthrosis arthrodia
73
what modifications of the synovial joint are observed in the cervical spine
meniscoidal folds
74
which vertebrae are atypical cervicals
C1, C2, C7
75
what function will meniscoidal folds provide in cervical zygaphophyses
they are assumed to distribute pressure across the joint surface
76
what will influence spinal kinematics
geometry of articular facets, mechanical properties of connective tissue, mechanical properties of muscle
77
what should be carefully considered when applying research results to a population?
the condition of the subject material (fresh cadaver, fixed cadaver, living subject) the age range of the population studied the method of measurement (x-ray, goniometer, MRI, CT, etc)
78
the greatest range of flexion- extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple
typically C5/C6
79
what motions are coupled in the cervical spine
lateral bending and axial rotation
80
ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar for what cervical vertebral couples
the C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5 vertebral couples
81
ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple
the C5/C6 vertebral couple
82
what is the usual condition for the Caucasian typical cervical spinous process
they are bifid
83
what is the usual condition for the African-American typical cervical spinous process
they are non-bifid
84
what is the osseous modification at the distal end of the spinous process
the spinous tubercle
85
what muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process
the spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis
86
what ligaments will attach to the typical cervical spinous process
the interspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae
87
what will form the anterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen
the lateral groove and vertebral body of the segment above, the uncinate process and vertebral body of the segment below, the intervertebral disc and the posterior longitudinal ligament
88
what will form the posterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen
the inferior articular process/ post-zygapophysis, the superior articular process/ pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament and the ligamentum flavum
89
what will form the superior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen
the inferior vertebral notch of inferior vertebral incisure
90
what will form the inferior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen
the superior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure
91
what will form the unique anterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen
the uncinate process of the segment below and lateral groove of the segment above forms the joint of Luschka
92
what forms the unique anterior boundary of the intervertebral foramen for the C4 spinal nerve
the lateral groove of C3 and uncinate process of C4 forming the joint of Luschka

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